Preliminary Analysis of Cervical Cancer Awareness and Self-Sampling HPV Testing Accuracy Among Rural Women in Xiangyun County

Xinyue XU; Rufei DUAN; Kehui LUO; Hongying YANG; Hong yan YANG; Sheye YANG

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Xinyue XU, Rufei DUAN, Kehui LUO, Hongying YANG, Hong yan YANG, Sheye YANG. Preliminary Analysis of Cervical Cancer Awareness and Self-Sampling HPV Testing Accuracy Among Rural Women in Xiangyun County[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University.

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Preliminary Analysis of Cervical Cancer Awareness and Self-Sampling HPV Testing Accuracy Among Rural Women in Xiangyun County

1.
Department of Gynecology，Xiangyun County People’s Hospital，Xiangyun Yunnan 672100
2.
Department of Cancer Prevention and Control
3.
Department of Gynecology，Yunnan Cancer Hospital/The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University，Kunming Yunnan 650118，China

Received Date: 2025-10-14
Available Online: 2026-01-19

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To analyze the awareness of cervical cancer, high-risk human papillomavirus （HPV） infection status, and accuracy of self-sampling HPV detection among rural women in Xiangyun County, Yunnan Province. Methods From December 2023 to December 2024, rural women aged 21～65 years with sexual history from three townships in Xiangyun County were recruited for health education. Questionnaire surveys on cervical cancer awareness were conducted before and after the health education intervention. Subsequently, enrolled participants were instructed to self-collect vaginal secretion specimens, while gynecologists collected cervical exfoliated cell specimens. All samples were tested for 15 types of high-risk HPV using polymerase chain reaction （PCR）-based HPV detection methods. Women with positive HPV results were recommended to undergo colposcopy or further treatment. Observed indicators included awareness rates regarding cervical cancer and related prevention knowledge, high-risk HPV positivity rate, and detection concordance rate. Results A total of 615 women were enrolled, of whom 85.0% were Han Chinese and 15.0% were ethnic minorities. Among these, 357 women （58.0%） had received primary school education or no formal education, while 258 women （42.0%） had received junior high school education or above. Following health education, the awareness rates among women regarding cervical cancer （100.0% vs 88.0%）, HPV （100.0% vs 64.6%）, the correlation between HPV and cervical cancer （58.9% vs 10.1%）, cervical cancer prevention （98.0% vs 56.1%）, HPV vaccination （99.0% vs 31.1%）, and the free rural cervical cancer screening program （98.9% vs 31.7%） all showed significant improvements （P < 0.05）. The HPV positivity rate for self-sampling was 9.9%, with HPV-16/18 positivity rate of 1.6%, while the HPV positivity rate for physician-sampling was 8.6%, with HPV-16/18 positivity rate of 1.8%. The Kappa value for concordance between self-sampling and physician-sampling results was 0.517, indicating fair consistency; however, only 40% of screened women preferred the self-sampling method. Conclusion The awareness level of cervical cancer and its prevention among rural women in Xiangyun County, Yunnan Province is relatively low. Health education can effectively improve awareness levels, necessitating provision of easily understandable health education to screening participants. Self-sampling and physician-sampling HPV detection results demonstrate good concordance and may serve as a complementary approach for cervical cancer screening in areas with limited rural medical resources.
- Cervical cancer,
- Awareness,
- Health education,
- Self-sampling,
- HPV

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