Analysis of Serum Biomarkers in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis Complicated by Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis

Xiaoyan WANG; Lin WANG; Xinrui WAN; Shitao XU; Zhiqiang MA; Wei CHEN; Hongyan MAO

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Xiaoyan WANG, Lin WANG, Xinrui WAN, Shitao XU, Zhiqiang MA, Wei CHEN, Hongyan MAO. Analysis of Serum Biomarkers in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis Complicated by Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University.

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Analysis of Serum Biomarkers in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis Complicated by Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis

Department of Laboratory Medicine，The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming/Clinical Medical Center for Infectious Diseases of Yunnan Province，Kunming Yunnan 650301，China

Available Online: 2025-02-24

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of serum biomarkers in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Methods A retrospective collection of laboratory test results, including blood analysis, liver function, lymphocyte counts, and cytokine levels, from 54 patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Kunming between January 2021 and May 2024. Additionally, 70 patients with simple pulmonary tuberculosis and 50 healthy individuals were collected as control groups to compare serum biomarker levels across the three groups and analyze relevant factors and diagnostic value for pulmonary tuberculosis patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Results Among different age groups, the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis was 29 cases （53.7%） in youth, 15 cases （27.8%） in middle age, and 10 cases （18.5%） in the elderly. In terms of gender distribution, there were 41 males （75.9%） and 13 females （24.1%）. The serum levels of CRP （6.85 [2.10, 27.0]） ng/L, PCT （0.05 [0.05, 0.15]） ng/mL, RBC （4.55±0.65）×10¹²/L, Hb （129.13±19.10） g/L, TP （66.23±6.82） g/L, ALB （37.03±4.77） g/L, and CHOL （4.30 [3.71, 4.91]） mmol/L in the invasive pulmonary aspergillosis group showed no significant difference compared to the simple tuberculosis group and healthy control group （P > 0.05）. The levels of CD3+ T, CD4+ T, and CD8+ T in the invasive pulmonary aspergillosis group were significantly lower than those in the simple tuberculosis group and healthy control group （P < 0.05）. The levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IFN - α, and TNF - α in the invasive pulmonary aspergillosis group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group （P < 0.05）; IL-8, IL-12p70, and IFN-α were also higher compared to the simple tuberculosis group, with statistical significance （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The population with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is predominantly male and younger.The serum indicators of infection severity and nutritional status in these patients are similar to those with simple tuberculosis and lack specificity; however, their immune function is significantly lower than that of simple tuberculosis patients. Multiple cytokines are elevated, particularly IL-8, IL-12p70, and IFN-α, which can aid in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis infection.
- Pulmonary tuberculosis,
- Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis,
- Serum biomarkers,
- Diagnostic value

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