Application of Serum STAT3，HDAC2，and Del-1 Levels in the Evaluation of Disease Severity and Prognosis of Children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pneumonia

Hongyan CUI; Shuyang ZHANG; Wenwen ZHOU

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Hongyan CUI, Shuyang ZHANG, Wenwen ZHOU. Application of Serum STAT3，HDAC2，and Del-1 Levels in the Evaluation of Disease Severity and Prognosis of Children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pneumonia[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University.

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Application of Serum STAT3，HDAC2，and Del-1 Levels in the Evaluation of Disease Severity and Prognosis of Children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pneumonia

Department of Pediatrics，Jiamusi Central Hospital，Jiamusi Heilongjiang 154002，China

Received Date: 2025-07-15
Available Online: 2025-10-26

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To explore the application of serum levels signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）, histone deacetylase 2 （HDAC2）, and developmental endothelial locus-1 （Del-1） levels in the evaluation of disease severity and prognosis of children with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia （RSVP）. Methods A total of 109 children with RSVP admitted to Jiamusi Central Hospital from November 2023 to March 2025 were enrolled as the RSVP group. Based on disease severity, RSVP patients were categorized into low-risk group （31 cases）, medium-risk group （42 cases）, and high-risk group （36 cases）. According to the prognosis after 7 days of treatment, they were divided into a favorable prognosis group （78 cases） and a poor prognosis group （31 cases）. Additionally, 109 healthy children undergoing physical examination at the same hospital during the same period were selected as the normal control group （NC group）. ELISA method was used to detect serum levels of STAT3, HDAC2, and Del-1. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlations between serum STAT3, HDAC2, Del-1 levels and pulmonary function indices. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors affecting the prognosis of children with RSVP. Moreover, ROC curve was used to explore the predictive value of serum STAT3, HDAC2, and Del-1 levels for the prognosis of children with RSV. Results Compared with the NC group, the RSVP group had higher serum STAT3 and HDAC2 levels, and lower serum Del-1 levels（P < 0.05）. Serum STAT3 and HDAC2 levels progressively increased from the low-risk group, medium risk group, to high-risk group, while the time to peak ratio （time to peak tidal expiratory flow to total expiratory time ratio, TPTEF/TE）, peak volume ratio （volume to peak expiratory flow to total expired volume ratio, VPEF/VE）, and serum Del-1 levels progressively decreased （P < 0.05）. TPTEF/TE and VPEF/VE were prominently negatively correlated with serum STAT3 and HDAC2 levels, and prominently positively correlated with Del-1 levels （P < 0.05）. Compared with the favorable prognosis group, the poor prognosis group had significantly lower initial blood oxygen saturation, serum Del-1 levels, and significantly higher serum STAT3 and HDAC2 levels （P < 0.05）. High expression levels of STAT3 and HDAC2 were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of children with RSVP, while high expression of Del-1 was an independent protective factor （P < 0.05）. The AUC values of serum STAT3, HDAC2, and Del-1 levels alone in predicting the prognosis of children with RSV were 0.824, 0.818, and 0.842, respectively. The combined prediction AUC was 0.947, which was superior to individual predictions （Z_{STAT3 - joint} = 2.436, Z_{HDAC2 - joint} = 2.570, Z_{Del-1 - joint} = 2.611, all P < 0.05）. Conclusion Serum expression of STAT3 and HDAC2 is upregulated, while the expression of Del-1 is down-regulated in children with RSVP. The three markers are closely related to the disease severity and pulmonary function indices, and are important factors affecting the prognosis of children with RSVP. Combined detection of these markers demonstrates high efficacy for prognosis evaluation.

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References(23)

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