Effects of Sanqi Oral Liquid on Glycolysis，Renal Cell Apoptosis，and Keap1-Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Nephropathy Rats

Wenchao LI; Xue LI; Shanshan LIN; Yun MA; Guorui KANG; Ye CHEN

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Wenchao LI, Xue LI, Shanshan LIN, Yun MA, Guorui KANG, Ye CHEN. Effects of Sanqi Oral Liquid on Glycolysis，Renal Cell Apoptosis，and Keap1-Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Nephropathy Rats[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University.

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Effects of Sanqi Oral Liquid on Glycolysis，Renal Cell Apoptosis，and Keap1-Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Nephropathy Rats

Nephrology Department，Changping District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Beijing 102200

Received Date: 2024-08-26
Available Online: 2025-12-03

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effects of Sanqi oral liquid on glycolysis, renal cell apoptosis and Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway in diabetic nephropathy（DN） rats. Methods Forty SPF-grade male SD rats were divided into four groups: normal control group （ZC group）, model group （M group）, Sanqi group （S group）, and Western medicine group （X group）, with 10 rats per group. Except for the ZC group, all other rats were subjected to diabetic nephropathy model establishment. The S group received Sanqi oral liquid by gavage, the X group received valsartan by gavage, and the ZC and M groups received equivalent volumes of normal saline by gavage. Fasting blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels in each group were measured using urinary protein assay kits and a fully automated biochemical analyzer to assess renal function. ATP, lactate, and glucose levels were determined by ELISA. HE staining and TUNEL detection were used to observe renal tissue pathology and the distribution and apoptosis rate of apoptotic cells in renal tissue. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of Keap1 and Nrf2 proteins. Results Compared with the ZC group, the M group showed elevated 24-hour urinary microalbumin, fasting blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, lactatic acid, and Keap1 protein （P < 0.05）, while ATP, glucose, and Nrf2 protein were decreased （P < 0.05）. Compared with the M group, the S group showed elevated ATP, glucose, and Nrf2 protein （P < 0.05）, while 24-hour urinary microalbumin, fasting blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, lactate, and Keap1 protein were decreased （P < 0.05）. Compared with the S group, the X group showed elevated Keap1 protein and decreased Nrf2 protein （P < 0.05）. There were no significant differences between the S and X groups in biochemical and glycolysis parameters. （2） HE staining showed obvious glomerular mesangial expansion in the M group; the S and X groups exhibited reduced pathological changes, with the S group showing the best improvement. （3） Compared with the M group, renal tissue cell apoptosis rates in all treatment groups decreased （P < 0.05）, with the S group showing the best effect; （4） Pearson correlation analysis revealed that Keap1 was negatively correlated with ATP and glucose but positively correlated with lactate （P < 0.05）; Nrf2 was positively correlated with ATP and glucose but negatively correlated with lactate. Conclusion Sanqi oral liquid can exert protective effects by regulating the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway, improving glucose metabolism disorder and energy supply in DN rats, ultimately delaying renal function damage and reducing renal cell apoptosis.
- Sanqi oral liquid,
- Diabetic nephropathy,
- Glycolysis,
- Renal cell apoptosis,
- Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway

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References(27)

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