Trajectories and Influencing Factors of Cancer-Related Anorexia in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients Under Local Hypothermia Care Combined with Nutritional Intervention for Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis

Yaping HU; Peijuan CHEN; Dan LI; Lian. HE

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Yaping HU, Peijuan CHEN, Dan LI, Lian. HE. Trajectories and Influencing Factors of Cancer-Related Anorexia in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients Under Local Hypothermia Care Combined with Nutritional Intervention for Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University.

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Trajectories and Influencing Factors of Cancer-Related Anorexia in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients Under Local Hypothermia Care Combined with Nutritional Intervention for Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis

Department of Radiation Oncology，Nanfang Hospital，Southern Medical University，Guangzhou Guangdong 510515，China

Received Date: 2025-10-30

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To explore the trajectories of cancer-related anorexia and its influencing factors in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients receiving local hypothermia care combined with nutritional intervention for radiation-induced oral mucositis. Methods A total of 120 patients with radiation-induced oral mucositis from nasopharyngeal carcinoma admitted to Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University from January 2024 to December 2024 were enrolled and received local hypothermia care combined with nutritional intervention. Cancer-related anorexia was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Anorexia/Cachexia Therapy （FAACT） questionnaire at week 1 （T0）, week 3 （T1）, week 5 （T2）, week 7 （T3）, and upon completion of radiotherapy （T4）. Patients were stratified into three groups: low cancer-related anorexia group （n = 48）, moderate cancer-related anorexia group （n = 42）, and high cancer-related anorexia group （n = 30）. Oral mucositis grading was performed according to the World Health Organization （WHO） grading criteria for radiation-induced oral mucositis. Results The latent category growth model demonstrated that three models provided the best fit. In the low cancer-related anorexia group （25.00%）, FAACT scores ≥24 were observed at T0～T2; in the moderate cancer-related anorexia group （35.00%）, scores at all timepoints were lower than the low group but higher than the high group （P < 0.05）; in the high cancer-related anorexia group （40.00%）, scores remained <24 from T0-T4, with 83.33% reporting eating-related pain and 66.67% reporting aversion to fatty foods, compared to only 12.50% with mild discomfort in the low group. Univariate analysis revealed that age, radiotherapy dose, oral mucositis grading, serum albumin level, FAACT score, and the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment （PGS-GA） score were significantly correlated with anorexia trajectory （P < 0.05）, whereas gender and other factors showed no significant correlation （P > 0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified these six factors as independent influencing factors （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Cancer-related anorexia presents three distinct trajectories: low, moderate, and high. Age, radiotherapy dose, oral mucositis grade, serum albumin level, FAACT score, and PG-SGA score are independent influencing factors that may provide insights for clinical nursing intervention planning.
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma,
- Radiation stomatitis,
- Local hypothermia care,
- Nutritional intervention,
- Cancer-related anorexia trajectory,
- Influencing factors

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