Efficacy of Semaglutide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated by Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Its Effects on IL-27 and TFEB Levels

Weiwei YUAN; Shengqing HE; Yuan ZANG; Liping DENG

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Weiwei YUAN, Shengqing HE, Yuan ZANG, Liping DENG. Efficacy of Semaglutide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated by Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Its Effects on IL-27 and TFEB Levels[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University.

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Efficacy of Semaglutide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated by Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Its Effects on IL-27 and TFEB Levels

1.
Department of Endocrinology
2.
Yichui Mingting Community Health Center，Longgang Central Hospital，Shenzhen Guangdong 518100，China

Received Date: 2025-11-25

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To Explore the Effect of Semaglutide on serum levels of Interleukin-27 （IL-27） and Transcription Factor EB （TFEB） in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated by Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and the relationship between these effects and therapeutic outcomes. Methods A total of 170 patients with T2DM complicated with NAFLD admitted to Shenzhen Longgang Central Hospital from June 2022 to June 2024 were enrolled and divided into a control group （n = 85） and a study group （n = 85）. Both groups received conventional treatment, and the study group was additionally treated with semaglutide. Levels of fasting plasma glucose （FPG）, 2-hour postprandial glucose （2 h PG）, glycosylated hemoglobin （HbA1c）, total cholesterol （TC）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, triglyceride （TG）, alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）, gamma-glutamyl transferase （γ-GT）, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）, IL-27 and TFEB were measured before and after treatment. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance （HOMA-IR）, fibrosis-4 index （FIB-4） and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index （APRI） were calculated. Liver fat content, liver stiffness measurement （LSM） and controlled attenuation parameter （CAP） were detected by imaging examinations before and after treatment, and the CT liver-spleen density ratio was calculated. Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the correlations between IL-27, TFEB levels andother measured indices. Results After treatment, body mass index （BMI）, body weight, waist-to-hip ratio, visceral fat area, liver stiffness and CAP decreased significantly in both groups, while the CT liver-spleen density ratio increased, with more significant changes observed in the study group than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. The levels of FPG, HOMA-IR, 2 h PG and HbA1c decreased in both groups, and the levels in the study group were lower than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. The levels of LDL-C, TC and TG decreased, whereas HDL-C level increased in both groups, and the changes in the study group were more obvious than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. Levels of FIB-4, APRI, ALT, AST and γ-GT decreased in both groups, with lower levels in the study group （P < 0.05）. Levels of IL-27 and TFEB increased in both groups, with higher levels in the study group （P < 0.05）. The total effective rate was higher in the study group compared to the control group （P < 0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups （11.76% vs 21.18%, P > 0.05）. Conclusion Semaglutide treatment effectively improves blood glucose, blood lipid, liver function indexes, and levels of IL-27 and TFEB in patients with T2DM complicated with NAFLD. The levels of IL-27 and TFEB may be correlated with the therapeutic efficacy of semaglutide in the treatment of NAFLD, which provides new evidence for clinical treatment and efficacy evaluation.
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus,
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,
- Interleukin-27,
- Transcription factor EB,
- Therapeutic Efficacy

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References(32)

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