Expression,Diagnostic Value,and Correlation Analysis of PCT,WBC,and CRP with CPIS Score in ICU Respiratory Infections
-
摘要:
目的 分析降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞计数(WBC)联合C反应蛋白(CRP)在重症监护室(ICU)呼吸感染中的表达、诊断价值及与临床肺部感染评分(CPIS)的相关性。 方法 选取2019年3月至2024年6月涿州市医院ICU呼吸感染患者105例为观察组,另外选取于ICU未发生呼吸感染117例患者为对照组。通过Zybio-Q7型免疫定量分析仪对两组PCT水平进行检测,通过XT-4000i型白细胞分析仪对两组WBC水平进行检测,通过免疫比浊法对两组CRP水平进行检测。分析PCT、WBC、CRP的表达变化与ICU呼吸感染临床特征、CPIS评分的关系及对ICU呼吸感染的诊断价值。 结果 观察组入住ICU时间( > 15 d)和机械通气时间( > 7 d)的占比显著高于对照组(P < 0.05)。与对照组比较,观察组PCT、WBC、CRP水平和CPIS评分升高,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,入住ICU时间 > 15 d(OR = 4.087)、PCT(OR = 6.543)、WBC(OR = 2.652)和CRP(OR = 8.964)为影响ICU呼吸感染发生的危险因素。PCT、WBC、CRP与CPIS评分之间Pearson相关性分析显示,PCT、CPIS评分之间正相关(r = 0.925,P = 0.001);WBC、CPIS评分之间正相关(r = 0.739,P = 0.001);CRP、CPIS评分之间正相关(r = 0.948,P = 0.001)。ROC曲线显示,三项联合对ICU呼吸感染的诊断价值高于PCT、WBC、CRP单项诊断(P = 0.002)。 结论 PCT、WBC联合CRP对ICU呼吸感染的诊断价值较高,且与CPIS评分呈正相关,因此上述指标可为ICU呼吸感染的早期诊断提供可靠依据。 Abstract:Objective To analyze the expression and diagnostic value of procalcitonin (PCT), white blood cell count (WBC), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in respiratory infections in the intensive care unit (ICU), and their correlation with the clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS). Methods A total of 105 patients with respiratory infections admitted to the ICU from March 2019 to June 2024 were selected as the observation group, while 117 patients with no respiratory infection in the ICU were selected as the control group. PCT levels in both groups were measured using the Zybio-Q7 immunoquantitative analyzer, WBC levels were measured using XT-4000i white blood cell analyzer, and CRP levels were measured using the immunoturbidimetric method. The relationship between the expression of PCT, WBC and CRP and the clinical characteristics and CPIs score of respiratory infection in ICU were analyzed. Results The proportion of patients in the observation group with ICU stay > 15 days and mechanical ventilation > 7 days was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the levels of PCT, WBC, CRP and CPIS score in the observation group were elevated, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ICU stay > 15 days (OR = 4.087), PCT (OR = 6.543), WBC (OR = 2.652), and CRP (OR = 8.964) were risk factors for the occurrence of respiratory infections in the ICU. Pearson correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation between PCT and CPIS scores (r = 0.925, P = 0.001), a positive correlation between WBC and CPIS scores (r = 0.739, P = 0.001); and a positive correlation between CRP and CPIS scores (r = 0.948, P = 0.001). The ROC curve demonstrated that the combined diagnostic value of the three markers for ICU respiratory infections was higher than that of PCT, WBC, or CRP alone (P = 0.002). Conclusion The combination of PCT, WBC, and CRP has high diagnostic value for ICU respiratory infections and is positively correlated with CPIs scores. Therefore, the above indicators can provide a reliable basis for the early diagnosis of respiratory infection in ICU. -
表 1 两组患者的一般资料比较[($ \bar x \pm s $)/n(%)]
Table 1. Comparison of general data between the two groups[($ \bar x \pm s $)/n(%)]
一般资料 对照组(n = 117) 观察组(n = 105) χ2/t P 性别 男 61(52.14) 53(50.48) 0.061 0.805 女 56(47.86) 52(49.52) 年龄(岁) 50.87 ± 8.50 50.91 ± 8.62 0.035 0.972 病原菌n(%) 革兰阴性菌 − 56(53.33) − − 革兰阳性菌 − 49(46.67) 原发病n(%) 心肌梗死 46(39.32) 40(38.10) 0.035 0.852 脑出血 25(21.37) 24(22.86) 0.071 0.789 脑梗死 20(17.09) 16(15.24) 0.140 0.708 其他 26(22.22) 25(23.81) 0.079 0.779 体重(kg) 58.13 ± 7.50 58.06 ± 7.38 −0.070 0.944 入住ICU时间(d) > 15 20(17.09) 76(72.38) 68.918 < 0.001* ≤ 15 97(82.91) 29(27.62) 机械通气时间(d) > 7 3(2.56) 10(9.52) 4.862 0.027* ≤ 7 114(97.46) 95(90.48) *P < 0.05。 表 2 两组PCT、WBC、CRP、CPIS评分对比($ \bar x \pm s $)
Table 2. Comparison of PCT,WBC,CRP and CPIS scores between the two groups($ \bar x \pm s $)
组别 n PCT(ng/mL) WBC(×109/L) CRP(mg/L) CPIS评分(分) 对照组 117 0.39 ± 0.06 12.69 ± 2.53 36.41 ± 3.26 3.22 ± 0.52 观察组 105 1.09 ± 0.17 19.13 ± 3.02 94.01 ± 9.53 9.03 ± 0.76 t 41.745 17.280 61.503 67.041 P < 0.001* < 0.001* < 0.001* < 0.001* *P < 0.05。 表 3 赋值表
Table 3. Assignment table
因素 变量 赋值 是否感染 Y 感染 = 1,未感染 = 0 入住ICU时间(d) X1 > 15 = 1,≤15 = 0 机械通气时间(d) X2 > 7 = 1,≤7 = 0 PCT X3 实际值录入 WBC X4 实际值录入 CRP X5 实际值录入 表 4 多因素Logistic回归分析影响ICU呼吸感染发生的因素
Table 4. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors influencing the occurrence of respiratory infection in ICU
影响因素 B S.E. Wald P OR 95%CI 入住ICU时间( > 15 d) 1.316 0.406 7.054 0.003 4.087 1.654~8.116 机械通气时间( > 7 d) 0.573 0.679 2.057 0.069 1.352 0.879~4.124 PCT 1.359 0.426 6.471 0.001 6.543 2.651~12.270 WBC 1.281 0.375 4.059 0.012 2.652 1.579~7.652 CRP 1.724 0.677 3.512 0.000 8.964 3.694~29.176 表 5 ROC曲线分析PCT、WBC、CRP对ICU呼吸感染的诊断价值
Table 5. ROC curve analysis of the diagnostic value of PCT,WBC,and CRP for respiratory infections in ICU patients
指标 曲线下面积(95%CI) 敏感度(%) 特异度(%) 准确性(%) P 截断值 PCT(ng/mL) 0.733(0.539~0.926) 77.14(81/105) 88.89(104/117) 83.33(185/222) 0.033 0.67 WBC(×109/L) 0.738(0.542~0.939) 80.95(85/105) 86.32(101/117) 83.78(186/222) 0.028 13.52 CRP(mg/L) 0.702(0.506~0.886) 83.81(88/105) 83.76(98/117) 83.78(186/222) 0.069 67.38 三项联合 0.812(0.618~0.975) 87.62(92/105) 82.91(97/117) 85.14(189/222) 0.002 − -
[1] Zaragoza R,Vidal-Cortés P,Aguilar G,et al. Update of the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia in the ICU[J]. Crit Care,2020,24(1):383. doi: 10.1186/s13054-020-03091-2 [2] Bardi T,Pintado V,Gomez-Rojo M,et al. Nosocomial infections associated to COVID-19 in the intensive care unit: Clinical characteristics andoutcome[J]. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis,2021,40(3):495-502. doi: 10.1007/s10096-020-04142-w [3] 刘瑶,吴金桓,范铭兴,等. 动态监测降钙素原对重症社区获得性肺炎患儿抗感染治疗的临床研究[J]. 中华全科医学,2023,21(2):186-189. [4] 高芳芳,王春红. C反应蛋白及白细胞计数联合检测应用于急性呼吸道感染患者的效果分析[J]. 贵州医药,2023,47(10):1634-1635. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-744X.2023.10.071 [5] 谢军安,王丽娟,张扬,等. 纤维支气管镜肺灌洗对ICU机械通气合并肺部感染患者降钙素原和C反应蛋白的影响[J]. 贵州医药,2020,44(12):1939-1940. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-744X.2020.12.048 [6] 中华医学会呼吸病学分会. 中国成人社区获得性肺炎诊断和治疗指南(2016年版)[J]. 中华结核和呼吸杂志,2016,39(4):253-279. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2016.04.005 [7] 沈锋,吴彦其,王亚辉,等. CPIS评分指导ICU细菌性重症肺炎患者治疗能减少抗菌药物使用持续时间及使用频度[J]. 中华危重病急救医学,2019,31(5):556-561. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-4352.2019.05.007 [8] 董荣荣,丁伟,吴箫. 青岛地区7006例有呼吸道感染症状患儿血清呼吸道病毒IgM抗体检测结果分析[J]. 山东医药,2023,63(30):69-72. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-266X.2023.30.016 [9] Manchal N,Mohamed M R S,Ting M,et al. Hospital acquired viral respiratory tract infections: An underrecognized nosocomial infection[J]. Infect Dis Health,2020,25(3):175-180. doi: 10.1016/j.idh.2020.02.002 [10] Markwart R,Saito H,Harder T,et al. Epidemiology and burden of sepsis acquired in hospitals and intensive care units: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Intensive Care Med,2020,46(8):1536-1551. doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-06106-2 [11] 王建国,张娟,史蓉. 前列地尔对感染性休克合并急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者的临床疗效观察[J]. 贵州医药,2020,44(8):1217-1218. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-744X.2020.08.015 [12] 梅凯,王国祥. 髓系细胞触发受体-1、降钙素原分别联合临床肺部感染评分对呼吸机相关性肺炎的诊断价值[J]. 临床肺科杂志,2021,26(5):672-676. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-6663.2021.05.006 [13] 姜晓晖,王金柱,徐云祥,等. 老年重症ICU感染患者病原菌分布特点及血清炎症因子水平变化[J]. 中华医院感染学杂志,2019,29(7):989-992. [14] 赵苑竹,刘丹,林明名. 肺部超声评分与简化临床肺部感染评分对VAP早期诊断与预后评估的价值[J]. 河北医科大学学报,2021,42(6):698-703. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-3205.2021.06.017 [15] 周雪莱,杨园,戴薇,等. 百合固金汤联合参麦注射液对呼吸机相关性肺炎老年患者疗效及相关指标的影响[J]. 中国药房,2020,31(21):2645-2650. doi: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2020.21.15 [16] 康书红,蔺红丽,周福有. 胸腔镜根治术对老年食管癌患者术后肺部感染与呼吸功能及炎症因子的影响[J]. 实用癌症杂志,2021,36(4):609-613. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5930.2021.04.023 [17] 操金金,崔凡,刘福荣,等. 降钙素原、C-反应蛋白、红细胞沉降率与白细胞计数联合检测在呼吸道感染诊断中的应用价值[J]. 中国医药导报,2020,17(10):161-164. [18] 王益斐,宣志红,周杨,等. 参麦注射液使用剂量与呼吸机相关性肺炎患者免疫功能及治疗效果的相关性研究[J]. 中国现代应用药学,2019,36(24):3085-3089. [19] 镇坷,童孜蓉,赵倩,等. 颅脑疾病伴急性低氧性呼吸衰竭患者经鼻高流量氧疗治疗失败的危险因素分析[J]. 临床肺科杂志,2020,25(1):65-69. [20] 李杨杨,李莉,韩丽娜. 纤维支气管镜肺泡灌洗对呼吸机相关性肺炎载脂蛋白E、降钙素原、NAMPT及呼吸力学指标、炎性相关因子的影响[J]. 河北医药,2021,43(5):675-679. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-7386.2021.05.007 [21] 赖晓蓉,江川,朱鹏飞,等. 下呼吸道感染肺炎支原体患者血清CRP、PCT、IL-6水平变化及临床意义[J]. 热带医学杂志,2021,21(5):632-636. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-3619.2021.05.023 [22] 任波,李瑞丽,袁晓锋. 两种药物治疗小儿急性呼吸道感染对患儿血清CRP PA和IL-6水平的影响比较[J]. 河北医学,2021,27(2):339-343. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6233.2021.02.035