Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of 148 Severe Pertussis Cases in Yunnan

Weijie LI; Liqin CHEN; Yaling LI; Yonghui HAN; Xiaojuan LI; Fendong YAN

doi:10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20220824

Volume 43 Issue 8

Jul. 2022

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Article Navigation > Journal of Kunming Medical University > 2022 > 43(8): 145-149

Weijie LI, Liqin CHEN, Yaling LI, Yonghui HAN, Xiaojuan LI, Fendong YAN. Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of 148 Severe Pertussis Cases in Yunnan[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University, 2022, 43(8): 145-149. doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20220824

Citation:

Weijie LI, Liqin CHEN, Yaling LI, Yonghui HAN, Xiaojuan LI, Fendong YAN. Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of 148 Severe Pertussis Cases in Yunnan[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University, 2022, 43(8): 145-149. doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20220824

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Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of 148 Severe Pertussis Cases in Yunnan

doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20220824

Dept. of Infection Management，Kunming Children’s Hospital， Kunming Yunnan 650228，China

Received Date: 2022-04-02
Available Online: 2022-07-20
Publish Date: 2022-07-28

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To analyze the distribution, epidemiological characteristics, clinical symptoms and high-risk factors of pertussis in Yunnan Province, and to explore the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and high-risk factors of pertussis. Methods Data of 148 children with pertussis who were admitted to Kunming Children’s Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 in Yunnan province were collected and retrospectively analyzed based on regional distribution, age, clinical manifestation, laboratory test results and severity of disease. Results Among the 148 children, 96 cases （64.86%） were male and 52 cases （35.14%） were female; 123 cases （83.11%） were common type, 25 （16.89%） were severe pertussis. Children aged under 3 months accounted for 27.03%, children aged 3 months to 6 months accounted for 33.11%, children aged from 6 months to 3 years accounted for 23.65%, children aged ≥ 3 years accounted for 16.22%. 94 cases （63.51%） were not immunized at the time of infection. 51 cases （34.46%） had chicken crowing during cough, and 26 cases （17.57%） had cyanosis during cough. There were 128 cases （86.49%） complicated with pneumonia, 93 cases （62.84%） with past history. There were 85 cases （57.43%） with WBC （10 ～ 30） × 10⁹/L and 12 cases （8.11%） with WBC ≥ 30 ×10⁹/L. There are 9 cases （6.08%） with increased CRP. The median length of hospital stay was 9 days, and 6 children used ventilator. Compared with the moderate cases , the proportion of severe patients with < 3 months old （χ² = 29.480, P < 0.001）, non immunization （χ² = 7.783, P = 0.005）, cyanosis during cough （χ² = 21.850, P < 0.001） and past history （χ² = 8.156, P < 0.001） was higher, and the difference was statistically significant. The length of hospital stay of severe pertussis was significantly higher than that of moderate cases （Z = -6.712, P < 0.001）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of pertussis showed that cyanosis during cough （OR = 0.275, P < 0.001） , previous history （OR = 0.188, P = 0.008） and use of ventilators （OR = 0.141, P < 0.001）. Conclusion As cyanosis during cough, previous history and use of ventilator are the risk factors of severe pertussis, it is recommended that infants with past history should be vaccinated against pertussis as soon as possible if there are no contraindications. After the diagnosis of pertussis in children under 3 months , especially those who need mechanical ventilation, respiratory tract management and observation of symptoms and signs should be strengthened to avoid developing into severe pertussis.
- Pertussis,
- Clinical features,
- Children,
- Risk factors

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