Correlation Analysis between Coagulation and Fibrinolysis in Early Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes in Women with Different BMI before Pregnancy
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摘要:
目的 探讨不同孕前体重指数(body mass index,BMI)孕妇孕早期凝血及纤溶功能与妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes,GDM)发生的相关性。 方法 选取2023年9月至2024年2月到昆明医科大学第二附属医院产检的290例孕妇,收集孕前BMI、年龄、家族遗传史、孕次、产次及孕早期凝血及纤溶功能检查结果。根据是否发生GDM分为GDM组(n = 72)及非GDM组(n = 218),又根据孕前BMI分为低体重GDM组(n = 8)、低体重非GDM组(n = 29)、正常体重GDM组(n = 39)、正常体重非GDM组(n = 145)、超重/肥胖GDM组(n = 25)、超重/肥胖非GDM组(n = 44),定量资料采用独立样本t检验或Mann-Whitney U 检验,定性资料采用χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法,采用多因素Logistic回归校正影响因素。 结果 总人群中校正年龄、家族史以及孕前BMI后活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)与GDM发生呈负相关(P < 0.05,OR = 0.840),纤维蛋白原(FIB)与GDM呈正相关(P < 0.01,OR = 2.598)。在低体重组,APTT与GDM呈负相关(P < 0.05,OR = 0.483)、FIB与GDM呈正相关(P < 0.05,OR = 82.501),而校正年龄、家族史、孕前BMI后APTT、FIB与GDM无明显相关性;在正常体重组,APTT与GDM呈负相关(P < 0.01,OR = 0.786)、FIB与GDM呈正相关(P < 0.05,OR = 2.413),而校正年龄、家族史、孕前BMI后APTT与GDM仍呈负相关(P < 0.05,OR = 0.812)、FIB与GDM仍呈正相关(P < 0.05,OR = 2.391);在超重/肥胖组中,凝血酶时间(TT)与GDM呈负相关(P < 0.05,OR = 0.510),校正年龄、家族史、孕前BMI后TT与GDM无明显相关性。 结论 在正常体重人群中,APTT与GDM发生呈负相关,FIB与GDM发生呈正相关;在低体重与超重/肥胖人群中,凝血及纤溶相关指标受BMI影响较大,与GDM发生无明显相关性。 -
关键词:
- 凝血功能 /
- 妊娠期糖尿病 /
- 纤维蛋白原 /
- 活化部分凝血活酶时间 /
- 纤溶功能
Abstract:Objective To explore the relationship between the coagulation and fibrinolysis function in early pregnancy and the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women with different pre pregnancy body mass indexes (BMI). Methods 290 pregnant women undergoing the prenatal check ups at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from September 2023 to February 2024 were selected. Pre pregnancy BMI, age, family genetic history, parity, parity, and early pregnancy coagulation and fibrinolysis function test results were collected. Based on whether GDM had occurred, they were divided into GDM group (n = 72) and non GDM group (n = 218), and further divided into low weight GDM group (n = 8), low weight non GDM group (n = 29), normal weight GDM group (n = 39), normal weight non GDM group (n = 145), overweight/obesity GDM group (n = 25), overweight/obesity non GDM group (n = 44) based on pre pregnancy BMI. Basic data comparison was conducted on the total population and BMI groups. Independent sample t-test or Mann Whitney U test was used for quantitative data, and chi square test or Fisher's exact probability method was used for qualitative data. Multivariate logistic regression was used to correct the influencing factors. Results After adjusting the confounding factors such as age, family history, and pre pregnancy BMI, APTT was negatively correlated with the occurrence of GDM in the overall population (P < 0.05, OR = 0.840), while FIB was positively correlated with GDM (P < 0.01, OR = 2.598). In low body weight recombination, APTT was negatively correlated with GDM (P < 0.05, OR = 0.483), FIB was positively correlated with GDM (P < 0.05, OR=82.501), while there was no significant correlation between APTT, FIB and GDM after adjusting the age, family history, and pre pregnancy BMI; In the normal weight group, APTT was negatively correlated with GDM (P < 0.01, OR = 0.786) and FIB was positively correlated with GDM (P < 0.05, OR = 2.413). However, after adjusting the age, family history, and pre pregnancy BMI, APTT remained negatively correlated with GDM (P < 0.05, OR = 0.812) and FIB remained positively correlated with GDM (P < 0.05, OR = 2.391); In the overweight/obese group, TT was negatively correlated with GDM (P < 0.05, OR = 0.510), while there was no significant correlation between TT and GDM after adjusting the age, family history, and pre pregnancy BMI. Conclusion In the normal weight population, APTT is negatively correlated with the occurrence of GDM, while FIB is positively correlated with the occurrence of GDM; In the low weight and overweight/obese populations, coagulation and fibrinolysis related indicators are greatly influenced by BMI and have no significant correlation with the occurrence of GDM. -
妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)是指妊娠前糖代谢正常,妊娠期才出现的糖尿病[1−2]。全球GDM的患病率约为14.0%[3]。而中国GDM患病率达17.5%,云贵川地区则更高,达19.1%[4]。GDM的发生加剧了糖尿病的流行并易导致孕产妇发生妊娠高血压、先兆子痫;胎儿流产、死胎;新生儿低血糖、高胆红素血症等众多不良妊娠结局[5−7],严重危害母婴健康。国内研究显示,年龄、孕前BMI、孕次、产次、家族史与GDM的发生相关[8−9]。国外研究发现GDM患者体内存在与补体和凝血级联、血小板活化、促血栓因子有关的显著改变的蛋白质[10],且血糖控制不佳与活化部分凝血活酶时间 (activated partial thromboplastin time,APTT)缩短和抗凝血酶 III 活性增加有关[11],因此凝血及纤溶功能可能也与GDM的发生有关。研究发现肥胖是影响GDM发生的危险因素[12],肥胖症会引发慢性低度炎症,通过干扰胰岛素信号传导引起胰岛素抵抗[13],因此本研究按照体重指数(body mass index,BMI)进行分组,探索不同BMI分组的凝血及纤溶功能与GDM发生的相关性。
1. 资料与方法
1.1 研究对象
回顾性收集2023 年9月至 2024年2月期间在昆明医科大学第二附属医院接受产检的290位孕妇的一般资料,根据是否发生GDM分为GDM组(n = 72)及非GDM组(n = 218),又根据《肥胖症诊疗指南》(2024年版)中的BMI划分标准[14],按照孕前BMI分为低体重非GDM组(BMI<18.5 kg/m2,n = 29)、低体重GDM组(n = 8),正常体重非GDM组(18.5 kg/m2≤BMI<24 kg/m2,n = 145)、正常体重GDM组(n=39),超重/肥胖非GDM组(BMI≥24kg/m2,n = 44)、超重/肥胖GDM组(n = 25)。本研究通过本院医学伦理委员会审核(审-PJ-科-2024-265)。
1.2 纳入及排除标准
纳入标准:(1)年龄≥20岁;(2)遵循GDM诊断标准[15],即在妊娠24周~28周时口服葡萄糖耐量试验:空腹≥5.1 mmol/L、1 h≥10.0 mmol/L、2 h≥8.5 mmol/L,满足任一条即可诊断为GDM。排除标准:(1)孕期使用过影响凝血功能的药物;(2)妊娠合并其他内分泌疾病者;(3)伴有心功能不全、肾衰、严重肝损伤等重要脏器功能不全者;(4)合并自身免疫缺陷疾病者;(5)孕前伴有内分泌疾病;(6)孕前伴有凝血功能异常者;(7)患有恶性肿瘤者;(8)患有乙肝、结核或艾滋等严重传染病者。
1.3 方法
1.3.1 临床资料收集
在昆明医科大学第二附属医院产科病例系统中收集患者临床资料,包含年龄、家族遗传史、孕次、产次、孕前BMI。
1.3.2 实验室检查结果收集
在病例系统中收集患者孕14周以内第一次产检的凝血及纤溶相关实验室检查,包括凝血酶原时间(prothrombin time,PT)、凝血酶原时间比值(prothrombin time ratio,PTR)、纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen,FIB)、凝血酶时间(thrombin time,TT)、国际标准化比率(international normalized ratio,INR)、APTT、栓溶二聚体定量(quantitative measurement of D-dimer,DD)、纤维蛋白(原)降解产物(fibrinogen degradation products,FDPs)。
1.4 统计学分析
采用 SPSS27.0 统计学软件,符合正态分布的定量资料用均数±标准差($\bar x \pm s $) 表示,两组间比较采用独立样本t检验;不符合正态分布的定量资料用M(P25,P75)表示,两组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。定性资料用构成比(%)描述,根据样本量和期望频数使用卡方检验或Fisher确切概率法。差异有统计学意义的采用Logistic回归确定相关性,P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2. 结果
2.1 总人群GDM组和非GDM组基本资料比较
研究发现两组数据的孕次、产次、PT、INR、PTR差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05);与非GDM组比较,GDM组的年龄、孕前BMI、DD、FDPs、FIB数值更高,家族史的构成比更大,APTT、TT数值更低,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),见表1。
表 1 GDM组和非GDM组资料比较[($\bar x \pm s $)/M(P25,P75)/n(%) ]Table 1. Comparison of the data between the GDM group and the non-GDM group [($\bar x \pm s $)/M(P25,P75)/n(%) ]项目 非GDM组(n=218) GDM组(n=72) F/Z P 年龄(岁) 30.00(28.00,32.00) 31.50(29.00,35.75) −3.551 <0.001* 孕次(次) 2.00(1.00,3.00) 2.00(1.00,2.75) −0.356 0.722 产次(次) 0.00(0.00,1.00) 0.00(0.00,1.00) −0.165 0.869 家族史 11(5.05) 11(15.28) 8.082 0.004* 孕前BMI(kg/m2) 21.47(19.41,23.07) 22.91(20.50,25.20) −2.783 0.005* PT(s) 11.40(11.10,11.80) 11.40(11.03,11.78) −0.617 0.537 INR 0.99(0.96,1.02) 0.99(0.96,1.02) −0.132 0.895 PTR 0.99(0.97,1.02) 0.99(0.97,1.02) −0.056 0.956 APTT(s) 27.65(26.50,29.43) 26.55(25.60,28.73) −3.430 <0.001* TT(s) 15.70(15.30,16.00) 15.50(15.00,15.80) −2.168 0.030* DD(mg/L) 0.28(0.19,0.43) 0.37(0.23,0.62) −2.230 0.026* FDPs(mg/L) 2.50(2.50,2.54) 2.50(2.50,3.00) −2.391 0.017* FIB(g/L) 3.40±0.62 3.69±0.56 0.080 <0.001* *P < 0.05。 2.2 总人群凝血及纤溶与GDM回归分析
以是否发生GDM为因变量,校正年龄、家族史、孕前BMI,以DD、FDPs、FIB、APTT、TT为自变量进行多因素Logistics回归分析。研究发现,总人群中APTT与GDM的发生呈负相关(P < 0.01,OR = 0.802),而FIB与GDM的发生呈正相关(P < 0.001,OR = 2.625),校正年龄、家族史以及孕前BMI等干扰因素后APTT仍与GDM的发生呈负相关(P < 0.05,OR = 0.840),FIB与GDM呈正相关(P < 0.01,OR = 2.598),但APTT及FIB相对于校正前OR值更接近于1,见表2。
表 2 总人群凝血及纤溶与GDM回归分析结果Table 2. Regression analysis results of coagulation,fibrinolysis and GDM in the overall population项目 B OR 95%Cl P 凝血 APTT −0.221 0.802(0.695,0.925) 0.002* FIB 0.965 2.625(1.529,4.505) <0.001* TT −0.182 0.833(0.568,1.223) 0.352 DD 0.816 2.26(0.779,6.562) 0.134 FDPs 0.073 1.076(0.636,1.821) 0.784 校正混杂因素后的凝血 APTT −0.175 0.840(0.725,0.973) 0.020* FIB 0.955 2.598(1.451,4.653) 0.001* TT −0.200 0.819(0.555,1.209) 0.316 DD 0.825 2.282(0.738,7.059) 0.152 FDPs 0.174 1.19(0.685,2.068) 0.536 注:校正的混杂因素包括年龄、家族史、孕前BMI;*P < 0.05。 2.3 BMI分组的基本资料比较
本研究在总人群中,校正年龄、家族史、孕前BMI后,发现凝血与纤溶功能与GDM具有相关性。因此进一步按孕前BMI分组,比较在低体重组、正常体重组、超重/肥胖组中凝血及纤溶功能与GDM的相关性。BMI分组的基本资料比较发现,相较于低体重非GDM组,低体重GDM组的年龄更大,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);而孕次、产次、家族史、PT、INR、PTR、APTT、FIB、TT、DD、FDPs无明显差异(P > 0.05)。相较于正常体重非GDM组,正常体重GDM组的年龄、孕前BMI、FIB数值更大,家族史构成比更高更多,APTT更小,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);而孕次、产次、PT、INR、PTR、TT、DD、FDPs无明显差异(P > 0.05)。相较于超重/肥胖非GDM组,超重/肥胖GDM组的FIB更大,而TT更小,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);而年龄、孕次、产次、家族史、PT、INR、PTR、APTT、DD、FDPs之间无明显差异(P > 0.05),见表3。
表 3 BMI分组的基本资料比较[($\bar x \pm s $)/M(P25,P75))/n(%)]Table 3. Basic information comparison of BMI grouping [($\bar x \pm s $)/M(P25,P75))/n(%)]项目 低体重组 正常体重组 超重/肥胖组 GDM
(n=8)非GDM
(n=29)P GDM
(n=39)非GDM
(n=145)P GDM
(n=25)非GDM
(n=44)P 年龄(岁) 31.00
(29.25,35.75)28.00
(27.00,30.50)0.009* 31.00
(29.00,36.00)30.00
(28.00,32.00)0.023* 34.00
(29.00,37.00)31.00
(28.00,33.00)0.056 孕次(次) 1.00
(1.00,2.50)1.00
(1.00,2.00)0.670 2.00
(1.00,3.00)2.00
(1.00,3.00)0.949 2.00
(1.50,3.00)2.00
(1.00,2.00)0.173 产次(次) 0.00
(0.00,0.75)0.00
(0.00,1.00)0.617 0.00
(0.00,1.00)0.00
(0.00,1.00)0.956 1.00
(0.00,1.00)0.00
(0.00,1.00)0.750 孕前BMI
(kg/m2)17.53
(16.97,17.66)17.67
(16.82,18.21)0.618 21.97
(20.63,23.23)21.23
(19.63,22.27)0.007* 26.13
(25.16,27.74)25.71
(24.69,27.23)0.421 家族史 1(12.50) 5(17.24) 0.613 8(30.51) 5(3.45) 0.001* 2(8.00) 1(2.27) 0.296 PT(s) 11.46±0.60 11.39±0.53 0.752 11.54±0.98 11.56±0.69 0.188 11.52±0.40 11.46±0.63 0.685 PTR 0.98±0.02 0.99±0.04 0.743 1.00±0.06 0.99±0.04 0.409 1.00±0.03 0.99±0.05 0.205 FIB(g/L) 3.61±0.49 3.23±0.58 0.098 3.67±0.53 3.42±0.57 0.020* 3.87±0.63 3.50±0.76 0.042* INR 0.98±0.03 0.99±0.04 0.584 1.00±0.08 0.99±0.05 0.388 1.00±0.04 0.99±0.05 0.179 APTT(s) 26.35
(25.45,30.30)277.80
(26.45,29.45)0.303 26.70
(25.60,28.60)27.60
(26.50,29.60)0.009* 26.50
(25.80,28.70)27.40
(26.35,29.28)0.190 TT(s) 15.30
(14.90,156.03)15.70
(14.30,15.85)0.941 15.50
(15.00,15.70)15.70
(15.30,15.95)0.085 15.30
(15.00,15.90)15.65
(15.30,16.30)0.030* DD
(mg/L)0.54
(0.31,0.74)0.33
(0.20,0.54)0.202 0.39
(0.23,0.73)0.29
(0.19,0.46)0.080 0.31
(0.22,0.51)0.26
(0.19,0.38)0.165 FDPs
(mg/L)2.50
(2.50,2.91)1.28
(2.50,2.65)0.391 2.50
(2.50,3.05)2.50
(2.50,2.62)0.081 2.50
(2.50,2.85)2.50
(2.50,2.54)0.416 *P < 0.05。 2.4 BMI分组的凝血及纤溶与GDM回归分析
由于在低体重GDM组与非GDM组、正常体重GDM组与非GDM组、超重及肥胖GDM组与非GDM组比较中存在年龄、家族史、孕前BMI、FIB、APTT、TT的差异,因此分别在低体重组、正常体重组、超重/肥胖组中以是否发生GDM为因变量,校正年龄、家族史、孕前BMI,以FIB、APTT、TT为自变量进行多因素Logistics回归分析,见表4。结果显示:在低体重组TT与GDM无明显相关性,APTT与GDM呈负相关(P < 0.05,OR = 0.483)、FIB与GDM呈正相关(P < 0.05,OR = 82.501),而校正年龄、家族史、孕前BMI后APTT、FIB与GDM无明显相关性;在正常体重组,TT与GDM无明显相关性,APTT与GDM呈负相关(P < 0.01,OR = 0.786)、FIB与GDM呈正相关(P < 0.05,OR = 2.413),而校正年龄、家族史、孕前BMI后APTT与GDM仍呈负相关(P < 0.05,OR = 0.812)、FIB与GDM呈仍正相关(P < 0.05,OR = 2.391),但校正后APTT、FIB的OR值更接近于1;在超重/肥胖组中,FIB、APTT与GDM无明显相关性,TT与GDM呈负相关(P < 0.05,OR = 0.510),校正年龄、家族史、孕前BMI后TT与GDM无明显相关性。
表 4 BMI分组的凝血及纤溶与GDM回归分析结果Table 4. Regression analysis results of coagulation,fibrinolysis,and GDM for BMI grouping项目 低体重组 正常体重组 超重/肥胖组 B OR 95%Cl P B OR 95%Cl P B OR 95%Cl P 凝血 APTT −0.728 0.483( 0.2443 ,0.958)0.037* −0.241 0.786(0.658,0.938) 0.008* −0.226 0.798(0.615,1.036) 0.090 FIB 4.413 82.501(2.583, 2634.724 )0.013* 0.881 2.413(1.105,2.269) 0.027* 0.519 1.680(0.731,3.862) 0.221 TT 1.322 3.751(0.73,19.272) 0.113 −0.073 0.93(0.556,1.554) 0.780 −0.673 0.510(0.274,0.95) 0.034* 校正混杂
因素后APTT −5.747 0.003(0.000,930.368) 0.371 −0.209 0.812(0.674,0.978) 0.028* −0.169 0.844(0.644,1.107) 0.221 FIB 32.116 886.000(0.000,13.175) 0.332 0.940 2.391(1.009,5.891) 0.028* 0.603 1.828(0.750,4.458) 0.185 TT 6.109 250.052(0.005,434.900) 0.297 −0.021 0.979(0.581,1.651) 0.938 −0.664 0.515(0.264,1.002) 0.051 注:校正的混杂因素包括年龄、家族史、孕前BMI;*P < 0.05。 3. 讨论
本研究旨在探讨不同孕前BMI孕妇孕早期凝血及纤溶功能与GDM发生的相关性。APTT及FIB作为反映凝血功能的重要指标,APTT的减少及FIB的增加预示着血液的高凝状态[16−17]。TELIGA等[11]学者的研究指出,血糖控制不佳与APTT缩短有关。在孕期,血液系统发生显著变化,抗凝成分减少和凝血因子增加[18],因此推测凝血和纤溶的改变可能与GDM的发生密切相关。本研究发现,妊娠期妇女孕早期的APTT与GDM发生呈负相关,FIB与GDM发生呈正相关,进一步证实了凝血及纤溶功能与GDM之间存在紧密关联。
在不同BMI分组的分析中,结果呈现出明显差异。在正常体重组,校正相关因素后,APTT与GDM仍呈负相关,FIB与GDM仍呈正相关。这提示在正常体重孕妇群体中,孕早期的APTT、FIB可能是影响GDM发生的独立因素。然而,在低体重组,虽未校正因素时APTT与GDM呈负相关、FIB与GDM呈正相关,但校正年龄、家族史、孕前BMI后,两者与GDM无明显相关性。这可能是由于低体重孕妇群体相对较小,样本的代表性有限,同时低体重状态下可能存在维生素K缺乏,从而使凝血因子合成障碍[19],干扰了凝血功能与GDM之间的关系,使得两者的关联被掩盖。在超重/肥胖组中,未校正时TT与GDM呈负相关,但校正相关因素后,TT与GDM无明显相关性,一方面凝血功能受BMI影响[20],高BMI与凝血功能亢进及纤溶活性受损有关[21,22];另一方面可能是由于超重/肥胖孕妇本身存在代谢紊乱[23],如肥胖可诱导游离脂肪酸 、活性氧及炎症因子的过量产生,引起脂毒性和炎症反应[24],低度代谢炎症扰乱胰岛素信号通路并导致胰岛素抵抗[25],这些因素可能在超重/肥胖GDM的发生中起主导作用,而凝血及纤溶功能并非是直接参与GDM发生的关键因素,其影响被BMI所掩盖。
本研究的结果对于临床实践具有一定的指导意义,由于孕早期干预可降低GDM发生风险[26],因此对于正常体重孕妇,监测孕早期的APTT和FIB水平,有助于早期识别GDM的高危人群,从而采取相应的干预措施,如饮食控制、适度运动等,以降低GDM的发生风险。而对于低体重和超重/肥胖孕妇,单纯监测凝血及纤溶功能指标可能不足以预测GDM的发生,需要综合考虑其他因素,如代谢指标、生活方式等,制定更为全面的预防和管理策略。本实验存在一定局限性:(1)本研究样本量尤其是低体重组样本量相对较小,可能影响结果的普遍性;(2)本研究为回顾性研究,凝血与纤溶及GDM相关性是否存在因果关系需进一步研究。
综上所述,在正常体重人群中,APTT与GDM发生呈负相关,FIB与GDM发生呈正相关;在低体重与超重/肥胖人群中,凝血及纤溶相关指标受BMI影响较大,与GDM发生无明显相关性。因此,对于正常体重孕妇,监测其孕早期的APTT和FIB水平,有助于早期防治GDM。
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表 1 GDM组和非GDM组资料比较[($\bar x \pm s $)/M(P25,P75)/n(%) ]
Table 1. Comparison of the data between the GDM group and the non-GDM group [($\bar x \pm s $)/M(P25,P75)/n(%) ]
项目 非GDM组(n=218) GDM组(n=72) F/Z P 年龄(岁) 30.00(28.00,32.00) 31.50(29.00,35.75) −3.551 <0.001* 孕次(次) 2.00(1.00,3.00) 2.00(1.00,2.75) −0.356 0.722 产次(次) 0.00(0.00,1.00) 0.00(0.00,1.00) −0.165 0.869 家族史 11(5.05) 11(15.28) 8.082 0.004* 孕前BMI(kg/m2) 21.47(19.41,23.07) 22.91(20.50,25.20) −2.783 0.005* PT(s) 11.40(11.10,11.80) 11.40(11.03,11.78) −0.617 0.537 INR 0.99(0.96,1.02) 0.99(0.96,1.02) −0.132 0.895 PTR 0.99(0.97,1.02) 0.99(0.97,1.02) −0.056 0.956 APTT(s) 27.65(26.50,29.43) 26.55(25.60,28.73) −3.430 <0.001* TT(s) 15.70(15.30,16.00) 15.50(15.00,15.80) −2.168 0.030* DD(mg/L) 0.28(0.19,0.43) 0.37(0.23,0.62) −2.230 0.026* FDPs(mg/L) 2.50(2.50,2.54) 2.50(2.50,3.00) −2.391 0.017* FIB(g/L) 3.40±0.62 3.69±0.56 0.080 <0.001* *P < 0.05。 表 2 总人群凝血及纤溶与GDM回归分析结果
Table 2. Regression analysis results of coagulation,fibrinolysis and GDM in the overall population
项目 B OR 95%Cl P 凝血 APTT −0.221 0.802(0.695,0.925) 0.002* FIB 0.965 2.625(1.529,4.505) <0.001* TT −0.182 0.833(0.568,1.223) 0.352 DD 0.816 2.26(0.779,6.562) 0.134 FDPs 0.073 1.076(0.636,1.821) 0.784 校正混杂因素后的凝血 APTT −0.175 0.840(0.725,0.973) 0.020* FIB 0.955 2.598(1.451,4.653) 0.001* TT −0.200 0.819(0.555,1.209) 0.316 DD 0.825 2.282(0.738,7.059) 0.152 FDPs 0.174 1.19(0.685,2.068) 0.536 注:校正的混杂因素包括年龄、家族史、孕前BMI;*P < 0.05。 表 3 BMI分组的基本资料比较[($\bar x \pm s $)/M(P25,P75))/n(%)]
Table 3. Basic information comparison of BMI grouping [($\bar x \pm s $)/M(P25,P75))/n(%)]
项目 低体重组 正常体重组 超重/肥胖组 GDM
(n=8)非GDM
(n=29)P GDM
(n=39)非GDM
(n=145)P GDM
(n=25)非GDM
(n=44)P 年龄(岁) 31.00
(29.25,35.75)28.00
(27.00,30.50)0.009* 31.00
(29.00,36.00)30.00
(28.00,32.00)0.023* 34.00
(29.00,37.00)31.00
(28.00,33.00)0.056 孕次(次) 1.00
(1.00,2.50)1.00
(1.00,2.00)0.670 2.00
(1.00,3.00)2.00
(1.00,3.00)0.949 2.00
(1.50,3.00)2.00
(1.00,2.00)0.173 产次(次) 0.00
(0.00,0.75)0.00
(0.00,1.00)0.617 0.00
(0.00,1.00)0.00
(0.00,1.00)0.956 1.00
(0.00,1.00)0.00
(0.00,1.00)0.750 孕前BMI
(kg/m2)17.53
(16.97,17.66)17.67
(16.82,18.21)0.618 21.97
(20.63,23.23)21.23
(19.63,22.27)0.007* 26.13
(25.16,27.74)25.71
(24.69,27.23)0.421 家族史 1(12.50) 5(17.24) 0.613 8(30.51) 5(3.45) 0.001* 2(8.00) 1(2.27) 0.296 PT(s) 11.46±0.60 11.39±0.53 0.752 11.54±0.98 11.56±0.69 0.188 11.52±0.40 11.46±0.63 0.685 PTR 0.98±0.02 0.99±0.04 0.743 1.00±0.06 0.99±0.04 0.409 1.00±0.03 0.99±0.05 0.205 FIB(g/L) 3.61±0.49 3.23±0.58 0.098 3.67±0.53 3.42±0.57 0.020* 3.87±0.63 3.50±0.76 0.042* INR 0.98±0.03 0.99±0.04 0.584 1.00±0.08 0.99±0.05 0.388 1.00±0.04 0.99±0.05 0.179 APTT(s) 26.35
(25.45,30.30)277.80
(26.45,29.45)0.303 26.70
(25.60,28.60)27.60
(26.50,29.60)0.009* 26.50
(25.80,28.70)27.40
(26.35,29.28)0.190 TT(s) 15.30
(14.90,156.03)15.70
(14.30,15.85)0.941 15.50
(15.00,15.70)15.70
(15.30,15.95)0.085 15.30
(15.00,15.90)15.65
(15.30,16.30)0.030* DD
(mg/L)0.54
(0.31,0.74)0.33
(0.20,0.54)0.202 0.39
(0.23,0.73)0.29
(0.19,0.46)0.080 0.31
(0.22,0.51)0.26
(0.19,0.38)0.165 FDPs
(mg/L)2.50
(2.50,2.91)1.28
(2.50,2.65)0.391 2.50
(2.50,3.05)2.50
(2.50,2.62)0.081 2.50
(2.50,2.85)2.50
(2.50,2.54)0.416 *P < 0.05。 表 4 BMI分组的凝血及纤溶与GDM回归分析结果
Table 4. Regression analysis results of coagulation,fibrinolysis,and GDM for BMI grouping
项目 低体重组 正常体重组 超重/肥胖组 B OR 95%Cl P B OR 95%Cl P B OR 95%Cl P 凝血 APTT −0.728 0.483( 0.2443 ,0.958)0.037* −0.241 0.786(0.658,0.938) 0.008* −0.226 0.798(0.615,1.036) 0.090 FIB 4.413 82.501(2.583, 2634.724 )0.013* 0.881 2.413(1.105,2.269) 0.027* 0.519 1.680(0.731,3.862) 0.221 TT 1.322 3.751(0.73,19.272) 0.113 −0.073 0.93(0.556,1.554) 0.780 −0.673 0.510(0.274,0.95) 0.034* 校正混杂
因素后APTT −5.747 0.003(0.000,930.368) 0.371 −0.209 0.812(0.674,0.978) 0.028* −0.169 0.844(0.644,1.107) 0.221 FIB 32.116 886.000(0.000,13.175) 0.332 0.940 2.391(1.009,5.891) 0.028* 0.603 1.828(0.750,4.458) 0.185 TT 6.109 250.052(0.005,434.900) 0.297 −0.021 0.979(0.581,1.651) 0.938 −0.664 0.515(0.264,1.002) 0.051 注:校正的混杂因素包括年龄、家族史、孕前BMI;*P < 0.05。 -
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