Predictive Value of Lp-PLA2,sdLDL-C and 25-OH-VD on the Degree of Neurological Impairment and Prognosis in Ischemic Stroke After Intravenous Thrombolysis
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摘要:
目的 探析脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(lipoprotein-associated phospholipasea2 ,Lp-PLA2)、小而密低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(small dense low-density lipoprotein,sdLDL-C)、25-羟基维生素D(25-hydroxyvitamin d,25-OH-VD)对静脉溶栓后缺血性脑卒中的神经损伤程度及预后预测价值。 方法 回顾性分析2021年1月-2023年6月哈励逊国际和平医院收治的108例静脉溶栓后缺血性脑卒中患者的病案资料,按入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(national institute of health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分进行分组,分别为轻度组(49例,NIHSS<5分),中度组(35例,NIHSS 5~15分)、重度组(24例,NIHSS>15分)。采用酶联免疫吸附法测定Lp-PLA2、sdLDL-C、25-OH-VD的表达水平。Spearman分析法探析Lp-PLA2、sdLDL-C、25-OH-VD与神经损伤程度的关系,绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析Lp-PLA2、sdLDL-C、25-OH-VD在严重程度、预后预测中的应用价值。 结果 轻、中、重度缺血性脑卒中患者 Lp-PLA2、sdLDL-C、NIHSS 评分、梗死灶直径逐级升高,25-OH-VD 逐级降低(P < 0.05)。Lp-PLA2、sdLDL-C 与病情程度正相关,25-OH-VD 呈负相关。三项指标联合评估脑卒中严重程度及预判不良预后的 ROC 效能均最优。 结论 Lp-PLA2、sdLDL-C、25-OH-VD 水平与静脉溶栓后缺血性脑卒中患者神经损伤程度密切相关,三者联合检测对患者病情严重程度及预后具有较高预测效能,可作为临床评估的重要参考指标。 Abstract:Objective To explore the predictive value of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-VD) on the degree of neurological impairment and prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke after intravenous thrombolysis. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical data of 108 patients with ischemic stroke who received intravenous thrombolysis at Harrison International Peace Hospital from January 2021 to June 2023. Based on the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission, patients were divided into mild group (NIHSS < 5, n = 49), moderate group (NIHSS 5–15, n = 35), and severe group (NIHSS > 15, n = 24). Serum levels of Lp-PLA2, sdLDL-C and 25-OH-VD were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Differences in Lp-PLA2, sdLDL-C and 25-OH-VD levels among groups were compared. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between Lp-PLA2, sdLDL-C, 25-OH-VD and the degree of neurological impairment. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the value of Lp-PLA2, sdLDL-C and 25-OH-VD in assessing disease severity and predicting prognosis. Results The levels of Lp-PLA2, sdLDL-C, NIHSS score and infarct lesion diameter gradually increased, while 25-OH-VD level gradually decreased in the mild, moderate and severe groups (P < 0.05). Lp-PLA2 and sdLDL-C were positively correlated with disease severity of neurological injury, whereas 25-OH-VD was negatively correlated. The combined detection of the three indicators showed the optimal ROC efficacy in assessing stroke severity and predicting poor prognosis. Conclusion Levels of Lp-PLA2, sdLDL-C and 25-OH-VD are closely associated with the degree of neurological impairment in patients with ischemic stroke after intravenous thrombolysis. The combined detection of the three indicators shows high predictive efficacy for disease severity and prognosis, and can be used as an important reference for clinical evaluation. -
表 1 各组患者一般资料比较[($ \bar x \pm s $)/n(%)]
Table 1. Comparison of general data among groups [($ \bar x \pm s $)/n(%)]
组别 n 男 女 平均年龄 糖尿病 高血压 冠心病 平均发病至溶栓时间(h) 轻度组 49 28(57.14) 21(42.86) 55.51 ± 6.97 16(32.65) 22(44.90) 11(22.45) 3.02 ± 0.24 中度组 35 20(57.14) 15(42.86) 55.06 ± 6.71 9(25.71) 15(42.86) 7(20.00) 2.98 ± 0.24 重度组 24 15(62.50) 9(37.50) 55.60 ± 6.73 8(33.33) 14(58.33) 6(25.00) 2.93 ± 0.25 F − 0.220 0.060 3.243 1.563 0.209 1.134 P − 0.896 0.942 0.198 0.458 0.901 0.326 表 2 各组神经损伤指标及Lp-PLA2、sdLDL-C、25-OH-VD的比较($ \bar x \pm s $)
Table 2. Comparison of various neurological injury indicators and Lp-PLA2,sdLDL-C,and 25-OH-VD among groups ($ \bar x \pm s $)
组别 n NIHSS评分(分) 脑梗死灶直径(cm) Lp-PLA2(ng/mL) sdLDL-C(mmol/L) 25-OH-VD(ng/mL) 轻度组 49 4.02 ± 0.77 3.55 ± 0.87 201.02 ± 28.15 1.18 ± 0.34 21.82 ± 3.11 中度组 35 7.35 ± 1.40① 4.62 ± 1.15① 242.13 ± 31.01① 1.66 ± 0.45① 18.40 ± 2.01① 重度组 24 17.20 ± 1.71①② 5.80 ± 1.20①② 301.50 ± 35.69①② 2.06 ± 0.51①② 16.75 ± 1.96①② F − 963.000 40.880 91.750 39.810 39.450 P − <0.001* <0.001* <0.001* <0.001* <0.001* *P < 0.05;与轻度组相比,①P < 0.05,与中度组相比,②P < 0.05。 表 3 Lp-PLA2、sdLDL-C、25-OH-VD与神经损伤程度的相关性分析(r)
Table 3. Correlation analysis of Lp-PLA2,sdLDL-C,25-OH-VD with the degree of neurological injury(r)
组别 NIHSS评分 脑梗死灶直径 r P r P Lp-PLA2 0.711 0.001* 0.705 0.002* sdLDL-C 0.708 0.001* 0.697 0.003* 25-OH-VD −0.654 0.003* −0.635 0.005* *P < 0.05。 表 4 缺血性脑卒中严重程度的影响因素分析
Table 4. Analysis of factors affecting the severity of ischemic stroke
相关因素 β SE Waldχ2 OR 95%CI P 常量 −0.326 0.415 0.617 0.723 / 0.432 Lp-PLA2值 0.694 0.283 6.104 2.003 1.136~3.531 0.001* sdLDL-C值 0.559 0.300 3.472 1.750 1.035~2.958 0.028* 25-OH-VD值 −0.510 0.223 5.230 0.600 0.525~0.686 0.009* *P < 0.05。 表 5 Lp-PLA2、sdLDL-C、25-OH-VD在缺血性脑卒中严重程度的的诊断价值
Table 5. Diagnostic value of Lp-PLA2,sdLDL-C,25-OH-VD in assessing the severity of ischemic stroke
组别 AUC 95%CI Cut-off值 灵敏度 特异度 约登指数 P Lp-PLA2 0.779 0.722~0.836 >250.00ng/mL 86.442 87.760 0.742 <0.001 sdLDL-C 0.701 0.611~0.791 >1.80mmol/L 81.363 83.671 0.650 <0.001 25-OH-VD 0.652 0.558~0.746 <20.00ng/mL 77.970 79.594 0.576 <0.001 三项联合 0.876 0.792~0.931 − 91.530 93.882 0.854 <0.001 表 6 不同预后者Lp-PLA2、sdLDL-C、25-OH-VD的比较($ \bar x \pm s $)
Table 6. Comparison of Lp-PLA2,sdLDL-C and 25-OH-VD between different prognostic groups($ \bar x \pm s $)
组别 n Lp-PLA2(ng/mL) sdLDL-C(mmol/L) 25-OH-VD(ng/mL) 预后良好组 68 172.68 ± 28.15 1.12 ± 0.26 20.02 ± 3.35 预后不良组 40 302.15 ± 35.11 2.11 ± 0.66 14.03 ± 2.16 t − 23.512 11.027 10.128 P − <0.001* <0.001* <0.001* *P < 0.05。 表 7 不同预后者间基线资料的比较[($ \bar x \pm s $)/n(%)]
Table 7. Comparison of baseline data between different prognostic groups[($ \bar x \pm s $)/n(%)]
组别 n 90 dmRS(分) 平均年龄(岁) 发病至溶栓时间(h) 性别男 基础疾病 糖尿病 高血压 冠心病 预后良好组 68 1.24 ± 0.22 55.18 ± 6.86 3.01 ± 0.26 39(57.35) 21(30.88) 32(47.06) 15(22.06) 预后不良组 40 2.98 ± 0.38 56.01 ± 7.11 2.96 ± 0.18 24(60.00) 12(30.00) 19(47.50) 9(22.50) t/χ2 − 30.179 0.599 1.073 0.145 0.018 0.004 0.004 P − <0.001* 0.550 0.286 0.704 0.892 0.950 0.950 *P < 0.05。 表 8 缺血性脑卒中预后不良的影响因素分析
Table 8. Analysis of factors affecting poor prognosis in ischemic stroke
相关因素 β SE Waldχ2 OR 95%CI P 常数 −0.397 0.360 0.655 0.746 / 0.395 Lp-PLA2值 0.554 0.238 5.418 1.741 1.150~2.635 0.028 sdLDL-C值 0.529 0.227 5.431 1.697 1.154~2.497 0.025 25-OH-VD值 −0.633 0.247 6.597 0.531 0.466~0.605 0.001 *P < 0.05。 表 9 Lp-PLA2、sdLDL-C、25-OH-VD在缺血性脑卒中预后不良中的预测价值
Table 9. Predictive value of Lp-PLA2,sdLDL-C and 25-OH-VD for poor prognosis in ischemic stroke
组别 AUC 95%CI Cut-off值 灵敏度 特异度 约登指数 P Lp-PLA2 0.746 0.694~0.798 >280.00ng/mL 82.502 88.244 0.707 <0.001* sdLDL-C 0.678 0.576~0.780 >2.00mmol/L 77.501 82.353 0.599 <0.001* 25-OH-VD 0.601 0.511~0.691 <16.00ng/mL 72.504 79.412 0.516 <0.001* 三项联合 0.881 0.798~0.935 − 92.500 94.123 0.866 <0.001* *P < 0.05。 -
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