Research Progress on Bacteriophage Prevention and Treatment of Dental Caries
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摘要: 龋病作为口腔最高发的疾病，主要由变形链球菌等致病菌代谢糖类产酸，导致牙体硬组织脱矿并形成龋损。若不及时干预，可引发牙髓炎、根尖周炎等局部并发症，甚至影响全身健康。抗生素在感染性和传染性疾病的治疗过程中发挥着极为关键的作用。然而，长期滥用抗生素导致全球范围严峻的耐药性问题。噬菌体疗法因其独特的抗菌优势和不产生细菌耐药性的特点备受关注，可作为替代抗生素的治疗手段。噬菌体疗法在清除致病细菌生物膜上具有巨大潜力，可预防龋病的发生和终止龋病的发展，且不破坏口腔中的正常菌群。通过介绍龋病、噬菌体及其基础特性、噬菌体疗法及其优势、变形链球菌噬菌体的发现、噬菌体疗法在龋病防治中的应用以及挑战与展望来概述噬菌体防治龋病的现状与前景，以期为龋病防治提供新的视角。Abstract: Dental caries, as the most prevalent disease in the oral cavity, is primarily caused by cariogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans. These bacteria metabolize dietary carbohydrates to produce acids, leading to the demineralization of dental hard tissues and the formation of carious lesions. Without timely intervention, caries can progress to local complications such as pulpitis and periapical periodontitis, and may even impact systemic health.Antibiotics play a critical role in the treatment of infectious and communicable diseases. However, the long-term misuse and overuse of antibiotics have led to a severe global crisis of antimicrobial resistance.Given this context, phage therapy has garnered significant attention due to its unique antibacterial advantages and its ability to circumvent traditional bacterial resistance mechanisms, positioning it as a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics. This approach demonstrates considerable potential in eliminating pathogenic bacterial biofilms, thereby preventing the onset of caries and arresting its progression, all while preserving the balance of the normal oral microbiota.This review aims to provide an overview of the current status and future prospects of phage-based strategies for caries management. It will introduce the etiology of dental caries, the fundamental characteristics of bacteriophages, the principles and advantages of phage therapy, the discovery of Streptococcus mutans-specific phages, and the application of this therapy in caries prevention and treatment. The associated challenges and future directions will also be discussed, with the goal of offering a novel perspective on the management of dental caries.
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Key words:
- Bacteriophage /
- Phage therapy /
- Dental caries /
- Streptococcus mutans
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