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caIMR、CMR对冠脉微循环障碍评估的对比分析及心脑微血管病变相关性研究

虞敏 孙林

虞敏, 孙林. caIMR、CMR对冠脉微循环障碍评估的对比分析及心脑微血管病变相关性研究[J]. 昆明医科大学学报.
引用本文: 虞敏, 孙林. caIMR、CMR对冠脉微循环障碍评估的对比分析及心脑微血管病变相关性研究[J]. 昆明医科大学学报.
Min YU, Lin SUN. Comparative Analysis of caIMR and CMR in Assessing Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction and Correlation of Cardiac and Cerebral Microvascular Lesions[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University.
Citation: Min YU, Lin SUN. Comparative Analysis of caIMR and CMR in Assessing Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction and Correlation of Cardiac and Cerebral Microvascular Lesions[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University.

caIMR、CMR对冠脉微循环障碍评估的对比分析及心脑微血管病变相关性研究

基金项目: 云南省“心脑同治”临床医学关键新技术研发项目
详细信息
    作者简介:

    虞敏(1998~),男,云南大理人,医学硕士,住院医师,主要从事心血管介入研究工作

    通讯作者:

    孙林, E-mail:Sunlinkm@sina.com

  • 中图分类号: R683.2

Comparative Analysis of caIMR and CMR in Assessing Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction and Correlation of Cardiac and Cerebral Microvascular Lesions

  • 摘要:   目的  通过心脏磁共振评估基于冠状动脉造影的微循环阻力指数对于冠状动脉微循环障碍的诊断效能,并进一步探究冠状动脉微循环障碍与无症状脑梗死间的相关性。  方法  选取2021年1月至2024年12月期间就诊于昆明医科大学第二附属医院心血管内科的患者231例。通过FlashAngio系统对冠状动脉造影图像左前降支血管进行分析得出caIMR值,以25为界限分为冠状动脉微循环正常组(caIMR<25,n = 126)和冠状动脉微循环障碍组(caIMR≥25,n = 105)。收集所有患者的一般临床资料、实验室指标(血常规、生化全套、糖化血红蛋白)、颅脑CT/MRI结果、心肌微循环磁共振灌注参数(达峰时间(tpeak)、相对峰值信号强度(RSIpeak)、最大上升斜率(Slopemax))、经胸超声心动图常规参数。  结果   (1)50例同时完善CMR和caIMR的患者, caIMR≥25组左前降支支配区域出现了不同程度的tpeak延长,RSIpeak和Slopemax降低,表明caIMR≥25组存在冠状动脉微循环障碍。进行Cohen's Kappa检验一致性分析, Kappa值0.839(P < 0.05),表明caIMR对于CMD的识别具有较高的准确度和评价效果;(2)127例糖尿病患者按照糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平分为血糖控制良好组(4%≤HbA1c<6%)、血糖控制不佳组(6%≤HbA1c<8%)、血糖控制差组(HbA1c≥8%)。40例血糖控制良好组、59例血糖控制不佳组及28例血糖控制差组患者对比,血糖控制不佳组和血糖控制差组caIMR值中位数均高于血糖控制良好组(P < 0.05),且血糖控制不佳组caIMR中位数24.60接近于诊断冠状动脉微循环障碍的caIMR分界值25,血糖控制差组caIMR中位数32,15远高于25;(3)在冠状动脉微循环障碍组中发现很多患者同时存在无症状脑梗死,而在冠状动脉微循环正常组患者中则较少,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。进一步进行Phi系数相关性分析,Phi系数0.562,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.001)。提示冠状动脉微循环障碍与无症状脑梗死之间存在相关性。  结论  caIMR对于冠状动脉微循环功能障碍的识别具有较高准确度,且与心脏磁共振的评估效能一致性较高,而在冠状动脉微循环障碍的患者中发现大多同时存在无症状脑梗死,说明心脑微血管两者之间的病变发展可能存在相关性。
  • 图  1  AHA左心室17节段划分法

    Figure  1.  AHA 17-segment model of the left ventricle

    图  2  CMR首过灌注成像

    A:1~6节段首过灌注成像;B:7~12节段首过灌注成像;C:13~16节段首过灌注成像;D~F:时间-信号强度曲线(time-signal intensity curve,TIC)

    Figure  2.  CMR first-pass perfusion imaging

    图  3  caIMR界面

    Figure  3.  caIMR interface

    图  4  ROC曲线

    Figure  4.  ROC curve

    图  5  三组间caIMR值比较

    Figure  5.  Comparison of caIMR values among three groups

    图  6  三组间无症状脑梗死患者比较

    Figure  6.  Comparison of patients with silent brain infarction among three groups

    表  1  冠状动脉微循环正常组与冠状动脉微循环障碍组一般资料比较[($ \bar x \pm s $)/n(%)]

    Table  1.   Comparison of general data between the normal coronary microcirculation group and the coronary microcirculation dysfunction group[($ \bar x \pm s $)/n(%)]

    一般资料 冠状动脉微
    循环正常组
    n=126)
    冠状动脉微
    循环障碍组
    n=105)
    P
    年龄(岁) 57.69 ± 10.77 67.06 ± 10.19 <0.001*
    BMI(Kg/m2 24.75 ± 4.56 24.38 ± 3.34 0.349
    性别 0.835
     男 88(69.8) 72(68.6)
     女 38(30.2) 33(31.4)
    高血压 0.034*
     有 88(69.8) 86(81.9)
     无 38(30.2) 19(18.1)
    糖尿病 0.091
     有 62(49.2) 65(61.9)
     无 64(50.8) 40(38.1)
    吸烟史 0.135
     有 62(49.2) 62(59.0)
     无 64(50.8) 43(41.0)
    冠心病史 0.001*
     有 46(36.5) 62(59.0)
     无 80(63.5) 43(41.0)
    降血脂药物服用 0.071
     是 45 (35.7) 64 (61.0)
     否 81 (64.3) 41 (39.0)
      *P < 0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  冠状动脉微循环正常组与冠状动脉微循环障碍组血液学指标比较[M(P25P75)/($ \bar x \pm s $)]

    Table  2.   Comparison of hematological indicators between the normal coronary microcirculation group and the coronary microcirculation dysfunction group[M(P25P75)/($ \bar x \pm s $)]

    血液学指标 冠状动脉微循环
    正常组(n=126)
    冠状动脉微循环
    障碍组(n=105)
    P
    UREA 5.39 (4.44,6.66) 5.58 (4.58,7) 0.679
    UA 395.46±116.73 380.87±100.02 0.314
    TCHOL 4.39 (3.67,5.26) 3.87 (3.27,4.59) 0.002*
    TG 1.66 (1.19,2.43) 1.51 (1.03,2.19) 0.086
    HDL-C 1.07 (0.92,1.25) 1 (0.88,1.23) 0.183
    LDL-C 2.65 (2.15,3.22) 2.26 (1.71,2.94) 0.002*
    NONHDL 3.41±1.18 2.95±0.97 0.002*
    APOA1 1.22±0.22 1.18±0.23 0.255
    APOB 1.02±0.32 0.91±0.29 0.011*
    Lp(a) 8.25 (5.52,21.37) 9.2 (6,18.9) 0.361
    GLU
    HCY
    5.36 (4.88,6.77)
    13.635(10.69,15.92)
    5.31 (4.78,6.41)
    13.97 (11.5,17.77)
    0.565
    0.155
    MONO% 6.71±1.75 7.41±2.15 0.005*
    EO% 2.17±1.89 2.98±2.83 0.022*
    NEUT 4.46±1.66 4.21±1.98 0.043*
    EO 0.115 (0.05,0.17) 0.12 (0.07,0.24) 0.139
    RBC 4.91±0.72 4.67±0.69 0.013*
    HGB 149.58±22.38 142.96±21.53 0.030*
    HCT 0.46 (0.42,0.49) 0.44 (0.40,0.48) 0.044*
    MCHC 329 (32,336.75) 327 (319,333) 0.037*
      *P < 0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  冠状动脉微循环正常组与冠状动脉微循环障碍组心脏超声结果比较[M(P25P75)]

    Table  3.   Comparison of echocardiographic results between the normal coronary microcirculation group and the coronary microcirculation dysfunction group[M(P25P75)]

    心脏超声 冠状动脉微循环
    正常组(n=126)
    冠状动脉微循环
    障碍组(n=105)
    P
    LVEF 63(53.5,67) 62(55,67) 0.884
    LVDd 48(44,52) 47(44,52) 0.866
    LAD 34(30.25,37) 35(32,38) 0.267
    RVDd
    RAD
    23(21,24)
    32(30,34)
    23(22,24)
    32(30,35)
    0.034*
    0.545
      *P < 0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  冠状动脉微循环正常组与冠状动脉微循环障碍组颅脑CT/MRI结果比较[n(%)]

    Table  4.   Comparison of cranial CT/MRI results between the normal coronary microcirculation group and the coronary microcirculation dysfunction group[n(%)]

    颅脑CT/MRI 冠状动脉微循环
    正常组(n=126)
    冠状动脉微循环
    障碍组(n=105)
    P
    SBI <0.001*
     是 23 (18.3) 78 (74.3)
     否 103 (81.7) 27 (25.7)
      *P < 0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  冠状动脉微循环正常组与冠状动脉微循环障碍组冠状动脉生理指标比较[($ \bar x \pm s $)/M(P25P75)]

    Table  5.   Comparison of coronary physiological indicators between the normal coronary microcirculation group and the coronary microcirculation dysfunction group[($ \bar x \pm s $)/M(P25P75

    冠状动脉生理指标冠状动脉微循环正常组(n=126)冠状动脉微循环障碍组(n=105)P
    冠状动脉参考管腔2.47±0.572.43±0.510.530
    冠状动脉狭窄直径1.61±0.451.59±0.410.930
    冠状动脉直径狭窄率0.34(0.23,0.43)0.32(0.25,0.42)0.772
    冠状动脉狭窄长度14.15(9.08,19.49)12.33(8.41,16.87)0.189
    冠状动脉内压力差4(2,11.75)3(2,7)0.133
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  冠状动脉微循环障碍的多因素Logistic回归分析

    Table  6.   Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of coronary microcirculation dysfunction

    因素 B SE Waldχ2 P OR 95%CI
    SBI 2.957 0.439 45.393 <0.001* 19.241 8.140~45.480
    年龄 0.048 0.022 5.053 0.025* 1.952 1.912~3.993
    高血压史
    冠心病史
    −0.108
    −0.002
    0.472
    0.837
    0.052
    0.000
    0.818
    0.997
    0.897
    0.997
    0.355~2.262
    0.193~5.149
    TCHOL −0.621 0.835 0.553 0.457 0.537 0.105~2.760
    LDL-C 0.304 0.865 0.123 0.726 1.354 0.248~7.387
    NONHDL 1.132 0.973 1.354 0.245 3.103 0.461~20.907
    APOB 0.004 1.821 0.000 0.997 1.004 0.028~35.621
    MONO% 0.222 0.097 5.251 0.022* 1.800 1.661~1.968
    EO% 0.170 0.085 4.046 0.044* 1.843 1.714~1.995
    RBC 0.601 0.742 0.655 0.418 1.824 0.426~7.816
    HGB −0.024 0.070 0.121 0.728 0.976 0.851~1.119
    HCT 0.041 21.349 0.000 0.998 1.043 0.000~1.551
    MCHC 0.042 0.039 1.152 0.283 1.043 0.966~1.125
      *P < 0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  7  CMD与SBI的Phi系数分析

    Table  7.   Phi coefficient analysis of CMD and SBI

    SBI 非SBI 总计
    CMD 78 27 105
    非CMD 23 103 126
    总计 101 130 231
      Phi系数:0.562(P < 0.001*);Phi系数>0.5表示具有较强相关性;*P < 0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  8  预测CMD发生的诊断价值

    Table  8.   Diagnostic value for predicting the occurrence of CMD

    危险因素 曲线下面积 灵敏度 特异度 约登指数 95%CI P
    年龄 0.738 0.714 0.659 0.373 0.674~0.803 <0.001*
    MONO% 0.608 0.486 0.738 0.160 0.533~0.683 0.005*
    EO% 0.588 0.438 0.722 0.224 0.514~0.662 0.020*
      *P < 0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  9  caIMR<25组与caIMR≥25组tpeak比较[M(P25P75)]

    Table  9.   Comparison of tpeak between the caIMR < 25 group and the caIMR ≥ 25 group[M(P25P75)]

    节段 caIMR<25组(n=24) caIMR≥25组(n=26) P
    1 20.5 (13.4,22.57) 36.35 (26.55,48.92) <0.001*
    2 15.3 (11.7,20.25) 31 (23.37,42.62) <0.001*
    7 21.65 (14.4,25.3) 34.95 (26.87,39.55) <0.001*
    8 22 (14.2,23.8) 35.05 (26.77,42.07) <0.001*
    13 19.5 (12.2,27.7) 29.9 (25.47,38.45) 0.001*
    14 20.75 (12.5,29.55) 34.2 (25.02,42.17) <0.001*
      *P < 0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  10  caIMR<25组与caIMR≥25组RSIpeak比较[M(P25P75)]

    Table  10.   Comparison of RSIpeak between the caIMR < 25 group and the caIMR ≥ 25 group[M(P25P75)]

    节段 caIMR<25组(n=24) caIMR≥25组(n=26) P
    1 163.25 (106.525,1099.375 110.9 (90.225,136.425) <0.001*
    2 160.8 (123.6,232.725) 144.3 (106.75,997.725) 0.004*
    7 182.7 (125.825,1188.825 125.55 (117.9,164.15) <0.001*
    8 142 (137,166) 159.6 (119.825,1173.275 0.253
    13 207.25 (148.675,1274.1 189.7 (173.05,251.6) 0.001*
    14 193.25 (164.475,221.3) 204.8 (149.125,1187.375 0.641
      *P < 0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  11  caIMR<25组与caIMR≥25组Slopemax比较[M(P25P75)]

    Table  11.   Comparison of slopemax between the caIMR < 25 group and the caIMR ≥ 25 group [M(P25P75)]

    节段 caIMR<25组(n=24) caIMR≥25组(n=26) P
    1 12.5 (8,68.775) 10.1 (6.7,12.1) <0.001*
    2 16.95 (9.8,30.275) 13.95 (8.65,63.55) <0.001*
    7 12.2 (9.825,14.75) 12.4 (8.65,64.35) 0.326
    8 14.7 (11.325,16.1) 12.5 (8.775,59.35) <0.001*
    13 18.5 (13.975,36.4) 15.45 (10.85,91.625) 0.003*
    14 17.9 (11.05,22.7) 16.9 (11.075,68.2) 0.001*
      *P < 0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  12  caIMR组与CMR组交叉表分析

    Table  12.   Cross-Tabulation analysis between the caIMR group and the CMR group

    CMR组 总计
    CMD 非CMD
    caIMR组
     CMD 24 2 26
     非CMD 2 22 24
    总计 26 24 50
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  13  caIMR组与CMR组Cohen's Kappa检验

    Table  13.   Cohen's Kappa test between the caIMR group and the CMR group

    Kappa z P 标准误 95%CI
    caIMR、CMR 0.840 5.938 <0.001* 0.154 0.688~0.990
      *P < 0.05;Kappa值0.81 ~ 1.00表示一致性好。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  14  三组间caIMR值比较[M(P25P75)]

    Table  14.   Comparison of caIMR values among three groups[M(P25P75)]

    NGSP-HbA1c P
    血糖控制良好组(n=40) 血糖控制不佳组(n=59) 血糖控制差组(n=28)
    caIMR 22.25(18.12,27.70) 24.60(20.05,33.35) 32.15(24.17,38.47) 0.014*
      *P < 0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  15  三组间无症状脑梗死患者比较[n(%)]

    Table  15.   Comparison of patients with silent brain infarction among three groups[n(%)]

    NGSP-HbA1c P
    血糖控制
    良好组(n=40)
    血糖控制
    不佳组(n=59)
    血糖控制
    差组(n=28)
    无症状脑梗死 0.029*
     有 17 (42.5) 32 (54.2) 21 (75.0)
     无 23 (57.5) 27 (45.8) 7 (25.0)
      *P < 0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV
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