Effects of Tactile/Motor Stimulation Massage on Feeding Outcomes and Neuromotor Development in Preterm Infants
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摘要:
目的 观察触觉/运动刺激按摩对早产儿喂养效果、神经及运动发育水平的影响。 方法 选取云南省某三甲医院新生儿科重症监护病房2024年1月至2024年7月住院早产儿136例，利用随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组各68例。对照组接受早产儿常规护理方法，在常规早产儿护理方法的基础上，试验组采用触觉/运动刺激按摩的方法进行干预。比较两组住院早产儿管饲喂养转为经口喂养时间（d）、完全经口喂养率（%）、喂养不耐受发生率（%），新生儿行为神经测定评分（NBNA），运动发育指数（PDI）。 结果 试验组管饲喂养转为经口喂养时间（12.73±1.86）d明显短于对照组（13.66±1.68）d，差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.05），试验组完全经口喂养率（89.7%）明显大于对照组（70.6%）（P < 0.05），试验组喂养不耐受发生率（8.8%）明显小于对照组（16.2%）（P < 0.05）；试验组新生儿行为神经测定评分（35.22±1.98）明显高于对照组（33.19±2.95）（P < 0.05）；试验组运动发育指数（76.88±6.12）明显高于对照组（74.34±5.07）（P < 0.05）。 结论 触觉/运动刺激按摩可有效改善早产儿喂养情况，促进早产儿的神经及运动发育水平。 Abstract:Objective To observe the effects of tactile/motor stimulation massage on feeding outcomes and neuromotor development levels of preterm infants. Methods A total of 136 preterm hospitalized infants in the neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital in Yunnan Province from January 2024 to July 2024 were enrolled and randomly assigned to a control group and an experimental group, with 68 cases in each group. The control group received the routine care for preterm infants, while the experimental group received tactile/motor stimulation massage as an intervention in addition to the routine care. The time taken from gavage to oral feeding （d）, the rate of complete oral feeding （%）, the incidence of feeding intolerance （%）, the neonatal behavioral neurometric score （NBNA） and Psychomotor development index （PDI） were compared between the two groups. Results The time from gavage to oral feeding in the experimental group （12.73±1.86） days was significantly shorter than that in the control group （13.66±1.68） days, and the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.05）; the rate of complete oral feeding in the experimental group （89.7%） was significantly higher than that in the control group （70.6%） （P < 0.05）, and the incidence of feeding intolerance in the experimental group （8.8%） was significantly lower than that in the control group （16.2%） （P < 0.05）; the neonatal behavioral neurometric score （35.22±1.98） in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group （33.19±2.95） （P < 0.05）, and the motor development index in the experimental group （76.88±6.12） was significantly higher than that in the control group （74.34±5.07） （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Tactile/motor stimulation massage can effectively improve the feeding status of preterm infants and promote the neuromotor development of preterm infants. -
Key words:
- Tactile/Motor stimulation /
- Massage therapy /
- Premature infants /
- Feeding outcomes /
- Neuromotor development /
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表 1 两组住院早产儿一般资料比较[n（%）/M（P25，P75）]
Table 1. Comparison of general data of two groups of hospitalized preterm infants [n（%）/M（P25，P75）]
项目 试验组（n = 68） 对照组（n = 68） χ2/Z P 性别[n（%）] 0.118 0.732 男 35（51.5） 31（45.6） 女 33（48.5） 37（54.4） 胎龄（周） 32（30，33） 32（29，33） 0.325 0.745 出生体重（g） 2429 （1991.25 ，2480 ）2257 （2109 ，2436.5 ）1.759 0.079 分娩方式[n（%）] 0.265 0.607 顺产 37（54.4） 28（41.2） 剖宫产 31（45.6） 40（58.8） 5 min Apgar评分 9（8，9） 8（7.25，9） 0.961 0.337 
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表 2 两组住院早产儿管饲喂养转为经口喂养时间、完全经口喂养率、喂养不耐受发生率比较[（$\bar x \pm s $）/n（%）]
Table 2. Comparison of time taken from gavage to oral feeding，rate of complete oral feeding，and incidence of feeding intolerance between the two groups[（$ \bar x \pm s $）/n（%）]
组别 管饲喂养转为经口喂养时间（$ \bar x \pm s $，d） 完全经口喂养率[n（%）] 喂养不耐受发生率[n（%）] 试验组（n = 68） 12.73 ± 1.86 61（89.7） 6（8.8） 对照组（n = 68） 13.66 ± 1.68 48（70.6） 11（16.2） t/χ2 −3.057* 49.111# 76.50# P 0.003△ < 0.001△ < 0.001△ ∗t值，# χ2值，△P < 0.05。
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表 3 两组住院早产儿新生儿行为神经测定评分、运动发育指数比较（$ \bar x \pm s $，分）
Table 3. Comparison of neonatal behavioral neurometric scores and motor development index between the two groups（$ \bar x \pm s $，分）
组别 新生儿行为神经测定评分 运动发育指数 试验组（n = 68） 35.22 ± 1.98 76.88 ± 6.12 对照组（n = 68） 33.19 ± 2.95 74.34 ± 5.07 t 4.698 2.638 P < 0.001* 0.009* *P < 0.05。
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