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抑郁,身体活动与消化性溃疡的关联分析:一项前瞻性队列和孟德尔随机化研究

陈晓翠,  李春艳,  刘珂良,  容加梅,  张乙川

陈晓翠, 李春艳, 刘珂良, 容加梅, 张乙川. 抑郁,身体活动与消化性溃疡的关联分析:一项前瞻性队列和孟德尔随机化研究[J]. 昆明医科大学学报.
引用本文: 陈晓翠, 李春艳, 刘珂良, 容加梅, 张乙川. 抑郁,身体活动与消化性溃疡的关联分析:一项前瞻性队列和孟德尔随机化研究[J]. 昆明医科大学学报.
Xiaocui CHEN, Chunyan LI, Keliang LIU, Jiamei RONG, Yichuan ZHANG. Depression,Physical Activity,and Peptic Ulcer Disease: An Association Analysis Using a Prospective Cohort and Mendelian Randomization Study[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University.
Citation: Xiaocui CHEN, Chunyan LI, Keliang LIU, Jiamei RONG, Yichuan ZHANG. Depression,Physical Activity,and Peptic Ulcer Disease: An Association Analysis Using a Prospective Cohort and Mendelian Randomization Study[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University.

抑郁,身体活动与消化性溃疡的关联分析:一项前瞻性队列和孟德尔随机化研究

基金项目: 攀枝花市医学研究中心医学科研项目(PYYZ-2024-02)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    陈晓翠(1996~),女,云南丽江人,医学硕士,住院医师,主要从事胃肠疾病研究工作

    通讯作者:

    张乙川,E-mail:yashiozyc@163.com

  • 中图分类号: R573.1

Depression,Physical Activity,and Peptic Ulcer Disease: An Association Analysis Using a Prospective Cohort and Mendelian Randomization Study

  • 摘要:   目的   探讨欧洲中老年人群抑郁、身体活动(physical activity,PA)与消化性溃疡(peptic ulcer,PU)的因果关联。  方法   采用前瞻性队列研究和孟德尔随机化(mendelian randomization,MR)研究,通过Cox回归分析、中介分析、亚组及敏感性分析证实抑郁、PA与PU之间的因果关联。  结果   参与者基线平均年龄为(65.02 ± 9.02)岁,PU发病率为3.38%(848/25 053)。相较于有抑郁状态+低水平剧烈PA(vigorous-intensity PA,VPA)或中强度PA(moderate-intensity PA,MPA)组,有抑郁状态+中/高水平VPA(HR = 0.68,95%CI:0.56~0.84,P < 0.001)或MPA(HR = 0.77,95%CI:0.61~0.97,P = 0.029)可降低PU发病风险;无抑郁状态+中/高水平VPA(HR = 0.58,95%CI:0.48~0.70,P < 0.001)或MPA(HR = 0.56,95%CI:0.44~0.71,P < 0.001)组PU风险降低最显著。MR分析证实抑郁可增加PU风险(IVW=0.29,95%CI:0.13~0.44,P < 0.001),且与中至剧烈PA(moderate-to-vigorous PA ,MVPA:IVW=-0.05,95%CI:-0.08~-0.02,P = 0.001)和VPA(IVW=-0.01,95%CI:-0.02~0.00,P = 0.046)水平下降也存在因果关联;同时证实MVPA(IVW=-0.48,95%CI:-0.65~-0.31,P < 0.001)和VPA(IVW=-1.14,95%CI:-1.77~-0.51,P < 0.001)对PU具有保护性因果效应。中介分析提示MVPA在抑郁增加PU风险的路径中可能存在一定的中介作用,中介效应值为0.0200(P = 0.027),解释了7.01%的总效应。亚组分析揭示抑郁与PA对新发PU在不同人群存在显著差异,且多项敏感性分析证实研究结果的稳健性。  结论   欧洲中老年人群进行中/高水平PA可有效降低PU的发病风险,且MVPA在抑郁驱动PU的路径中可能发挥保护效应,强调抑郁人群早期进行较高水平的PA有助于预防PU发生。
  • 图  1  抑郁/PA与PU的Kaplan-Meier曲线和Cox回归分析

    A~B:Kaplan-Meier曲线和PU的累积发病率;C~D:逐步调整协变量的Cox回归分析

    Figure  1.  Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression analysis of depression/PA versus PU

    图  2  抑郁、PA与PU的因果关联

    A~C:抑郁、PA与PU之间的散点图;D:MR分析结果与水平多效性的森林图

    Figure  2.  Causal association between depression,PA and PU

    图  3  PA在抑郁与PU之间的中介效应

    A:前瞻性队列分析的中介效应;B:MR分析的中介效应

    Figure  3.  Mediating effect of PA between depression and PU

    表  1  参与者按性别分组的基线特征[$ \bar x \pm s $/n(%)]

    Table  1.   Baseline characteristics of participants by gender [$ \bar x \pm s $/ n(%)]

    基线指标 总体(n = 25 053) 女性(n = 11 933) 男性(n = 13 120) P值 统计量
    年龄(岁) 65.02 ± 9.02 63.84 ± 8.88 66.09 ± 9.01 <0.001* −19.87a
    教育水平 0.799 0.45b
     低(ISCED编码 0~2) 9 133(36.45) 4 369(36.61) 4 764(36.31)
     中(ISCED编码3和4) 9 920(39.60) 4 727(39.61) 5 193(39.58)
     高(ISCED编码5和6) 6 000(23.95) 2 837(23.77) 3 163(24.11)
    婚姻 <0.001* 977.56b
     已婚并与配偶同居 17 931(71.57) 7 642(64.04) 10 289(78.42)
     处于注册的伴侣关系 403(1.61) 191(1.60) 212(1.62)
     已婚但与配偶分居 326(1.30) 144(1.21) 182(1.39)
     未婚 1 442(5.76) 662(5.55) 780(5.95)
     离异 2 371(9.46) 1 416(11.87) 955(7.28)
     丧偶 2 580(10.30) 1 878(15.74) 702(5.35)
    居住地 <0.001* 22.60b
     乡村 7 992(31.90) 3 631(30.43) 4 361(33.24)
     城市 17 061(68.10) 8 302(69.57) 8 759(66.76)
    国家分组 0.001* 19.40b
     组1 2090(8.34) 1 046(8.77) 1 044(7.96)
     组2 4 869(19.43) 2 403(20.14) 2 466(18.80)
     组3 9 784(39.05) 4 659(39.04) 5 125(39.06)
     组4 7 862(31.38) 3 623(30.36) 4 239(32.31)
     组5 448(1.79) 202(1.69) 246(1.88)
    BMI分组(kg/m2) <0.001* 628.59b
     <25 8 598(34.32) 4 971(41.66) 3 627(27.64)
     25~30 10 772(43.00) 4 278(35.85) 6 494(49.50)
     ≥30 5 683(22.68) 2 684(22.49) 2 999(22.86)
    吸烟 <0.001* 561.43b
     目前吸烟 1 815(7.24) 862(7.22) 953(7.26)
     既往吸烟 18 851(75.24) 8 275(69.35) 10 576(80.61)
     从不吸烟 4 387(17.51) 2 796(23.43) 1 591(12.13)
    饮酒 <0.001* 733.98b
     ≥1次/周 1915(7.64) 473(3.96) 1 442(10.99)
     <1次/周 1 669(6.66) 488(4.09) 1 181(9.00)
     从不饮酒 21 469(85.69) 10 972(91.95) 10 497(80.01)
    VPA <0.001* 41.61b
     <1次/周 12 086(48.24) 6 012(50.38) 6 074(46.30)
     ≥1次/周 12 967(51.76) 5 921(49.62) 7 046(53.70)
    MPA 0.293 1.11b
     <1次/周 3 741(14.93) 1 812(15.18) 1 929(14.70)
     ≥1次/周 21312(85.07) 10 121(84.82) 11 191(85.30)
     高血压 11 419(45.58) 5 048(42.30) 6 371(48.56) <0.001* 98.37b
     糖尿病 3 604(14.39) 1 348(11.30) 2 256(17.20) <0.001* 176.07b
     高胆固醇血症 5 991(23.91) 2 837(23.77) 3 154(24.04) 0.634 0.23b
     心脏疾病 3 849(15.36) 1 274(10.68) 2 575(19.63) <0.001* 384.30b
     卒中 1 342(5.36) 490(4.11) 852(6.49) <0.001* 69.80b
     抑郁状态 9 518(37.99) 5 619(47.09) 3 899(29.72) <0.001* 799.62b
     高血压药物史 10 484(41.85) 4 678(39.20) 5 806(44.25) <0.001* 65.30b
     糖尿病药物史 2 965(11.83) 1 076( 9.02) 1 889(14.40) <0.001* 172.89b
     高胆固醇血症药物史 6 043(24.12) 2 574(21.57) 3 469(26.44) <0.001* 80.72b
     心脏疾病药物史 3 994(15.94) 1 438(12.05) 2 556(19.48) <0.001* 256.96b
     抑郁药物史 1 581(6.31) 1 065(8.92) 516(3.93) <0.001* 262.54b
    抑郁状态/VPA组 <0.001* 825.00b
     有抑郁状态+低水平VPA 4 992(19.93) 2 981(24.98) 2 011(15.33)
     有抑郁状态+中/高水平VPA 4 526(18.07) 2 638(22.11) 1 888(14.39)
     无抑郁状态+低水平VPA 7 094(28.32) 3 031(25.40) 4 063(30.97)
     无抑郁状态+中/高水平VPA 8 441(33.69) 3 283(27.51) 5 158(39.31)
    抑郁状态/MPA分组 <0.001* 801.65b
     有抑郁状态+低水平MPA 1 759(7.02) 1 024(8.58) 735(5.60)
     有抑郁状态+中/高水平MPA 7 759(30.97) 4 595(38.51) 3 164(24.12)
     无抑郁状态+低水平MPA 1 982(7.91) 788(6.60) 1 194(9.10)
     无抑郁状态+中/高水平MPA 13 553(54.10) 5 526(46.31) 8 027(61.18)
      注:a表示t值,b表示χ2值;*P < 0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  亚组分析抑郁状态/PA与新发PU的关联

    Table  2.   Association between depressive status/PA and incident PU in subgroup analyses

    亚组抑郁状态/VPA组抑郁状态/MPA组
    HR (95%CI)PqP交互HR (95%CI)PqP交互
    总体0.60(0.49~0.74)<0.001*<0.001*0.66(0.53~0.83)<0.001*<0.001*
    年龄(岁)0.0860.160
     <650.62(0.47~0.81)0.001*0.001*0.80(0.56~1.15)0.2360.236
     ≥650.61(0.45~0.82)0.001*0.001*0.59(0.44~0.80)0.001*0.001*
    性别0.6650.864
     男性0.56(0.43~0.73)<0.001*<0.001*0.63(0.47~0.85)0.002*0.002*
     女性0.67(0.49~0.91)0.010*0.010*0.70(0.49~1.01)0.0570.057
    BMI分组(kg/m2)0.9540.855
     <250.58(0.41~0.83)0.003*0.003*0.60(0.30~0.90)0.014*0.014*
     25~300.67(0.49~0.91)0.009*0.009*0.71(0.49~1.02)0.0630.063
     ≥300.56(0.37~0.85)0.007*0.007*0.71(0.47~1.07)0.1020.102
    吸烟0.5830.781
     目前吸烟0.77(0.53~1.14)0.1950.1950.78(0.51~1.21)0.2730.273
     既往吸烟0.55(0.43~0.71)<0.001*<0.001*0.62(0.46~0.83)0.001*0.001*
     从不吸烟0.58(0.32~1.06)0.0760.0760.83(0.40~1.71)0.6160.616
    饮酒0.3880.099
     ≥1次/周0.77(0.37~1.60)0.4810.4810.29(0.14~0.61)0.001*0.001*
     <1次/周0.44(0.18~1.07)0.0700.0700.40(0.16~1.01)0.0520.052
     从不饮酒0.61(0.49~0.75)<0.001*<0.001*0.74(0.57~0.95)0.017*0.034*
    高血压0.5860.521
     是0.58(0.43~0.78)<0.001*<0.001*0.63(0.44~0.90)0.012*0.012*
     否0.67(0.51~0.88)0.004*0.010*0.71(0.54~0.97)0.032*0.053*
    糖尿病0.2440.227
     是0.57(0.45~0.71)<0.001*<0.001*0.71(0.55~0.93)0.012*0.012*
     否0.92(0.58~1.47)0.7280.7280.59(0.37~0.93)0.024*0.053
    高胆固醇血症0.8650.905
     是0.61(0.48~0.78)<0.001*<0.001*0.69(0.52~0.91)0.009*0.012*
     否0.60(0.41~0.88)0.008*0.013*0.63(0.42~0.93)0.019*0.053
    心脏疾病0.2100.183
     是0.67(0.54~0.84)<0.001*<0.001*0.61(0.51~0.87)0.003*0.008*
     否0.44(0.26~0.73)0.001*0.005*0.74(0.47~1.15)0.1790.201
    卒中0.8100.785
     是0.60(0.49~0.74)<0.001*<0.001*0.67(0.53~0.85)0.001*0.005*
     否0.71(0.31~1.60)0.4070.5090.61(0.29~1.30)0.2010.201
      注:P表示各个亚组分析的P值;q表示亚组分析经Benjamini-Hochberg (BH)法校正后的P值;P交互表示交互作用的P值;*P < 0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  抑郁状态/PA与新发PU的敏感性分析

    Table  3.   Sensitivity analysis of depression/PA and incident PU

    抑郁状态/PA组 男性
    (n = 13 120)
    女性
    (n = 11 933)
    至少有1种不良生活方式
    (n = 17 707)
    至少有1种慢性疾病史
    (n = 14 227)
    合并心血管疾病史
    (n = 4 675)
    随访时间 >2年
    (n = 22 254)
    抑郁状态/VPA组 HR (95%CI),P, q HR (95%CI),P, q HR (95%CI),P, q HR (95%CI),P, q HR (95%CI),P, q HR (95%CI),P, q
    有抑郁状态+低水平VPA 0.00 (Ref.) 0.00 (Ref.) 0.00 (Ref.) 0.00 (Ref.) 0.00 (Ref.) 0.00 (Ref.)
    有抑郁状态+中/高水平VPA 0.73 (0.54~1.01),0.055,0.055 0.65 (0.49~0.85),0.002*,0.002* 0.66 (0.52~0.84),0.001*,0.001* 0.70 (0.53~0.88),0.003*,0.003* 0.51 (0.32~0.79),0.003*,0.003* 0.70 (0.55~0.89),0.004*,0.004*
    无抑郁状态+低水平VPA 0.61 (0.47~0.80),<0.001*,<0.001* 0.66 (0.51~0.85),0.001*,0.002* 0.62 (0.50~0.77),<0.001*,<0.001* 0.64 (0.51~0.80),<0.001*,<0.001* 0.55 (0.38~0.79),0.001*,0.002* 0.67 (0.54~0.83),<0.001*,<0.001*
    无抑郁状态+中/高水平VPA 0.57 (0.44~0.75),<0.001*,<0.001* 0.58 (0.44~0.76),<0.001*,<0.001* 0.57 (0.46~0.71),<0.001*,<0.001* 0.55 (0.43~0.70),<0.001*,<0.001* 0.60 (0.40~0.89),0.011*,0.011* 0.59 (0.47~0.73),<0.001*,<0.001*
    抑郁状态/MPA组
    有抑郁状态+低水平VPA 0.00 (Ref.) 0.00 (Ref.) 0.00 (Ref.) 0.00 (Ref.) 0.00 (Ref.) 0.00 (Ref.)
    有抑郁状态+中/高水平VPA 0.81 (0.56~1.18),0.277,0.277 0.72 (0.53~0.98),0.037*,0.055 0.77 (0.59~1.01),0.059,0.059 0.73 (0.55~0.97),0.030*,0.045* 0.76 (0.49~1.15),0.196,0.196 0.78 (0.59~1.03),0.085,0.128
    无抑郁状态+低水平VPA 0.67 (0.43~1.05),0.082,0.123 0.70 (0.44~1.09),0.113,0.113 0.70 (0.49~1.00),0.048*,0.059 0.69 (0.47~1.00),0.054,0.054 0.56 (0.30~1.03),0.066,0.099 0.79 (0.55~1.12),0.188,0.188
    无抑郁状态+中/高水平VPA 0.56 (0.39~0.80),0.002*,0.006* 0.55 (0.40~0.76),<0.001*,<0.001* 0.55 (0.42~0.73),<0.001*,<0.001* 0.52 (0.39~0.69),<0.001*,<0.001* 0.58 (0.38~0.89),0.014*,0.042* 0.57 (0.43~0.76),<0.001*,<0.001*
      注:P表示Cox回归分析的P值;q表示组内经Benjamini-Hochberg (BH)法校正后的P值;*P < 0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV
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