The Analysis of Factors Influencing the Success Rate of Autologous Arteriovenous Fistula
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摘要:
目的 探讨影响终末期肾病患者建立自体动静脉内瘘手术成功率的因素。 方法 选取2021年1月至2024年8月在怒江傈僳族自治州人民医院行前臂自体动静脉内瘘(autogenous arteriovenous fistula,AVF)手术的患者共107例(所有入组患者手术均由同一名主任医师完成,均采用前臂头静脉-桡动脉端侧吻合术)。根据患者内瘘在术中或术后3个月内是否能满足正常穿刺完成透析,分为AVF失败组(n = 12)及AVF成功组(n = 95)。收集入组患者的基本资料及临床化验资料。采用相关统计学方法比较二者指标是否存在差异性。 结果 单因素分析显示两组患者在吸烟史、糖尿病病史、肾病综合征病史、性别、术前血压情况、血红蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇方面差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。而两者在高血压病病史、年龄、白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、淋巴细胞计数、单核细胞计数、血小板、肌酐、尿素氮、甘油三酯、血钙、血磷、钙磷乘积、纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体、白蛋白等方面差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。二元多因素Logistic 回归分析显示:性别、糖尿病病史、肾病综合征病史、术前血压、血红蛋白、低密度脂蛋白是影响AVF初建失败的独立危险因素(P < 0.05)。 结论 女性患者、糖尿病病史、肾病综合征病史、血红蛋白低、低密度脂蛋白升高、血压控制不佳是影响AVF初建失败的独立危险因素。 Abstract:Objective To explore the factors affecting the success rate of operation in patients with end-stage renal disease by analyzing and comparing the differences of patients’ basic conditions and clinical laboratory data. Methods A total of 107 patients who underwent forearm autogenous arteriovenous fistula surgery in Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture People’ s Hospital from January 2021 to August 2024 were selected and divided into AVF failure group and AVF success group according to whether internal fistula occluded during the operation or within 1 week after the operation. The basic data and clinical laboratory data of enrolled patients were collected. Correlation statistical methods were used to compare whether there were differences between the two indexes. Results Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in smoking history, diabetes history, nephritic syndrome history, gender, preoperative blood pressure, hemoglobin, low density lipoprotein and total cholesterol (P < 0.05). However, There was no significant difference between the two in history, age, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, monocyte count, platelet, creatinine, urea nitrogen, triglyceride, blood calcium, blood phosphorus, calcium-phosphorus product, fibrinogen, D-dimer and albumin (P > 0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, diabetes history, nephritic syndrome history, preoperative blood pressure, hemoglobin and low- density lipoprotein were independent risk factors for AVF initiation failure (P < 0.05). Conclusion Female patients, history of diabetes mellitus, history of nephrotic syndrome, low hemoglobin, elevated low-density lipoprotein, and poor blood pressure control are independent factors affecting the failure of AVF initiation. -
Key words:
- Hemodialysis /
- Autogenous arteriovenous fistula /
- Hemoglobin /
- Hiabetes
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表 1 两组间基本资料单因素分析[n(%)]
Table 1. Unifactor analysis of basic data between the two groups [n(%)]
因素 AVF失败组
(n = 12)AVF成功组
(n = 95)χ2 P 吸烟史 5.03 0.024* 有 0(0) 31(32.30) 无 12(100) 64(66.67) 糖尿病史 7.68 0.004** 有 7(58.33) 16(16.84) 无 5(41.67) 79(83.16) 肾病综合征病史 3.85 0.035* 有 3(25.00) 7(7.37) 无 9(75.00) 88(92.63) 高血压病史 0.135 0.81 有 6(50.00) 58(61.05) 无 6(50.00) 37(38.95) 性别 6.10 0.013* 男 3(25.00) 62(65.26) 女 9(75.00) 33(34.73) 年龄(岁) 0.045 0.57 年龄 < 45 3(25.00) 24(25.26) 年龄≥45 9(75.00) 71(74.74) 术前血压 3.58 0.042* 血压正常(90/60 mmHg~140/90 mmHg) 1(8.33) 24(25.26) 低血压(<90/60 mmHg) 3(25.00) 10(10.52) 高血压(> 140/90 mmHg) 8(66.64) 61(64.21) *P < 0.05,**P < 0.01。 表 2 各指标赋值
Table 2. Assign values to variables
指标 赋值 内瘘情况 AVF初建失败 = 1 AVF初建成功 = 0 糖尿病病史 有 = 1 无 = 0 肾病综合征 有= 1 无 = 0 性别 男 = 1 女 = 0 吸烟史 有 = 1 无 = 0 高血压病史 有 = 1 无 = 0 年龄 ≥45岁赋值“1” <45岁赋值“0” 术前血压 90/60 mmHg≤血压 < 140/90 mmHg赋值“0”,
血压 > 140/90 mmHg赋值“1”
90/60 mmHg < 血压赋值“2”表 3 多因素Logistic回归分析
Table 3. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis
变量 B S.E Wald P OR 95%CI VIF 性别 −2.305 1.005 5.261 0.022* 0.1 0.01~0.71 1.015 糖尿病病史 3.173 0.973 10.63 0.001** 23.875 3.54~160.83 1.065 吸烟史 −19.898 5.91 0.000 0.997 0.000 1.013 肾病综合征病史 1.56 0.78 3.98 0.046* 4.768 1.028~22.10 1.253 血压 6.646 0.036* 血压(1) −2.968 1.428 4.322 0.034* 0.051 0.003~0.844 1.248 血压(2) −2.972 1.213 6.004 0.017* 0.051 0.005~0.552 1.350 B:回归系数;S.E:标准误;Wald:显著性;OR:优势比;95%CI:95%置信区间。 表 4 两组患者实验室资料单因素分析[M(P25,P75)/($ \bar x \pm s $)]
Table 4. Univariate analysis of laboratory data in two groups [M(P25,P75)/($ \bar x \pm s $)]
指标 AVF失败组(n = 12) AVF成功组(n = 95) t/z/χ2 P WBC(×109/L) 6.3(4.95,10.8) 6.3(4.6,8.2) −0.574 0.57 HB (g/L ) 98(84.5,110) 85(76.0,96.0) −2.51 0.011* Neu(×109/L) 3.6(3.05,10.8) 4.3(2.95,5.79) −0.446 0.654 Lym (×109/L) 1.4(0.85,2.31) 1.18(0.81,1.55) −0.889 0.375 Mono(×109/L) 0.29(0.19,0.46) 0.46(0.32,0.63) −0.251 0.802 PLT (×109/L) 212(137.5,259) 165(136,229) −1.252 0.23 Cre 774.49(615.43,891.45) 776.15(630.7,980.2) −0.841 0.42 Urea 23.5(17.48,32.26) 23.08(16.62,31.68) −0.138 0.76 TC (mg/dL) 4.95(3.96,5.54) 3.98(3.19,4.47) 1.821 0.045* LDL(mg/dL) 2.26(1.78,2.76) 3.15(2.26,3.95) 2.18 0.034* TG(mg/dL) 7.43(4.05,11.95) 1.44(1.04,1.98) −0.454 0.64 CA (mmol/L) 1.95(1.85,2.17) 1.98(1.82,2.13) −0.23 0.840 p(mmol/L) 1.54(1.26,1.98) 1.69(1.23,2.47) −0.549 0.584 钙磷乘积 41.24(28.73,47.49) 42.38(28.41,56.74) −0.767 0.443 Fbg(g/L) 3.36(:2.83,4.69) 3.73(2.96,4.69) −0.176 0.860 D-D(ug/mL) 1.9(1.07,4.67) 1.43(0.98,3.86) −0.043 0.966 ALB (g/L) 33.45 ± 5.79 35.17 ± 4.78 1.125 0.264 WBC:白细胞总数;Hb:血红蛋白;Neu:中性粒细胞绝对值;Lym:淋巴细胞绝对值;mono:单核细胞绝对值;PLT:血小板绝对值;Cre:肌酐;Urea:尿素氮;TC:总胆固醇;LDL:低密度脂蛋白;TG:甘油三酯;P:血磷;Ca:血钙;Fbg:纤维蛋白原;D-D:D-二聚体; ALB:白蛋白;IQR:四分位数的间距;*P < 0.05,**P < 0.01。 表 5 两组数据二元多因素Logistic 回归分析
Table 5. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis
变量 B S.E Wald P OR 95%CI VIF WBC −1.165 0.283 16.927 0.000*** 0.312 0.179~0.543 1.480 Hb 0.052 0.016 10.834 0.001** 1.054 1.021~1.087 1.524 Neu 1.414 0.265 28.46 0.000*** 4.113 2.447~6.916 1.197 LDL 1.341 0.45 8.90 0.003** 3.824 1.584~9.229 1.670 Fbg −0.904 0.239 14.26 0.000*** 0.405 0.253~0.647 1.012 D-D 0.296 0.095 9.61 0.002** 1.344 1.115~1.621 1.246 WBC:白细胞总数;Hb:血红蛋白;Neu:中性粒细胞绝对值;LDL:低密度脂蛋白;Fbg:纤维蛋白原;D-D:D-二聚体。 -
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