Application of a Multidisciplinary Collaboration Model in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Based on Standardized Rosenthal Effect Intervention and Its Impact on Disease Cognition and Respiratory Symptoms
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摘要:
目的 探究基于罗森塔尔效应标准化干预的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者多学科协作模式应用及对疾病认知、呼吸道症状的影响。 方法 选取2023年1月至2024年12月期间在成飞医院呼吸与危重症医学科接受相关干预治疗的慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者174例,将患者随机分为对照组、罗森塔尔组和联合组,每组58例。三组治疗周期均为四周,对照组予以常规治疗及健康指导;罗森塔尔组在常规干预基础上实施经德尔菲法专家共识、参考权威心理干预手册构建的标准化罗森塔尔效应干预方案;联合组融合标准化罗森塔尔效应干预与多学科协作模式开展综合干预。比较三组患者服药依从性、治疗满意度、情绪状态、疾病认知、自我管理能力、慢阻肺评估测试(COPD assessment test,CAT)评分、肺功能、血气指标及临床疗效,并基于COPD GOLD 1-4级分级标准开展亚组分层分析。 结果 联合组患者服药依从性、治疗满意度、布里斯托慢性阻塞性肺疾病知识问卷(bristol chronic obstructive pulmonary disease knowledge questionnaire,BCKQ)评分、运动锻炼、管理实践、医生沟通评分、FVC、FEV1、PEF、PaO2、SaO2水平、临床治疗有效率均显著高于对照组与罗森塔尔组(F = 37.254、213.894、64.585、63.168、15.578、114.483、21.834、468.534、234.191、13.148、23.530,P均<0.05);联合组SAS、SDS评分、PaCO2水平、CAT量表改善程度显著低于对照组与罗森塔尔组(F = 93.104、53.012、180.185、43.855,P均<0.05);罗森塔尔组上述指标显著优于对照组(P < 0.05)。GOLD分级亚组分析显示,GOLD1-2级患者经联合干预后的症状及功能改善幅度显著优于GOLD3-4级患者(P < 0.05)。 结论 融入罗森塔尔效应标准化干预的多学科协作模式应用于慢性阻塞性肺疾病,能够有效改善患者呼吸道症状、提高疾病认识水平,促进患者身体恢复,且疗效优于单一罗森塔尔效应干预与常规治疗。 Abstract:Objective To explore the application of a multidisciplinary collaboration model based on standardized Rosenthal effect intervention in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its impact on disease awareness and respiratory symptoms. Methods A total of 174 COPD patients who received related intervention and treatment in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Chengfei Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024 were selected and randomly divided into a control group, a Rosenthal group, and a combined group, with 58 patients in each group. The treatment course for all three groups was four weeks. The control group received conventional treatment and health education; the Rosenthal group received a standardized Rosenthal effect intervention protocol developed based on expert consensus via the Delphi method and reference to authoritative psychological intervention manual in addition to conventional intervention; the combined group received comprehensive intervention integrating standardized Rosenthal effect intervention and a multidisciplinary collaborative model. Medication adherence, treatment satisfaction, emotional state, disease awareness, self-management ability, COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score, pulmonary function, blood gas indices, and clinical efficacy were compared among the three groups, and subgroup stratified analysis was conducted based on the COPD GOLD stages 1–4 classification criteria. Results Medication adherence, treatment satisfaction, Bristol Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Knowledge Questionnaire (BCKQ) scores, exercise, management practice, doctor communication scores, FVC, FEV1, PEF, PaO2, SaO2 levels, and clinical effective rate in the combined group were significantly higher than those in the control group and the Rosenthal group (F = 37.254, 213.894, 64.585, 63.168, 15.578, 114.483, 21.834, 468.534, 234.191, 13.148, 23.530, all P < 0.05); SAS and SDS scores, PaCO2 levels, and the degree of improvement in CAT scores in the combined group were significantly lower than those in the control group and the Rosenthal group (F = 93.104, 53.012, 180.185, 43.855, all P < 0.05). The above indicators in the Rosenthal group were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). GOLD subgroup analysis showed that patients with GOLD stages 1~2 had significantly greater improvements in symptoms and function after combined intervention than those with GOLD stages 3~4 (P < 0.05). Conclusion The multidisciplinary collaborative model incorporating standardized Rosenthal effect intervention can effectively improve respiratory symptoms, enhance disease awareness, and promote physical recovery in patients with COPD, and its efficacy is superior to that of single Rosenthal effect intervention and conventional treatment. -
表 1 三组一般资料比较[($ \bar x \pm s $)/n(%)]
Table 1. Comparison of demographic characteristics among the three groups [($ \bar x \pm s $)/n (%)]
组别 对照组(n = 58) 罗森塔尔组(n = 58) 联合组(n = 58) t/χ2 P 性别(男/女) 32/26 30/28 34/24 0.372 0.710 年龄(岁) 56.94 ± 6.31 57.10 ± 6.12 57.21 ± 5.89 0.029 0.972 病程(年) 5.29 ± 3.31 5.42 ± 3.28 5.61 ± 3.25 0.140 0.870 文化程度 0.378 0.706 小学及以下 18(31.03) 18(31.03) 16(27.59) 中学/中专 30(51.72) 28(48.28) 31(53.45) 大专及以上 10(17.24) 12(20.69) 11(18.97) GOLD分级 0.185 0.853 1~2级(轻中度) 30(51.72) 29(50.00) 31(53.45) 3~4级(重度/极重度) 28(48.28) 29(50.00) 27(46.55) 吸烟指数(包/年) 28.36 ± 5.24 27.95 ± 5.18 28.12 ± 5.09 0.092 0.912 BMI(kg/m2) 22.36 ± 2.15 22.41 ± 2.08 22.29 ± 2.11 0.047 0.954 基线FEV1(%) 49.21 ± 2.06 49.13 ± 2.14 49.02 ± 2.21 0.116 0.891 基线FVC(L) 0.73 ± 0.12 0.72 ± 0.14 0.70 ± 0.16 0.681 0.507 合并基础疾病 21(36.21) 19(32.76) 20(34.48) 0.195 0.846 1年内急性加重史 16(27.59) 15(25.86) 17(29.31) 0.207 0.836 核心用药方案 0.171 0.997 LAMA单药 22(37.93) 21(36.21) 23(39.66) LABA+LAMA联合 25(43.10) 26(44.83) 24(41.38) 含ICS方案 11(18.97) 11(18.97) 11(18.97) 表 2 三组患者临床有效率比较[n(%)]
Table 2. Comparison of clinical response rates among the three groups [n (%)]
组别 n 显效 有效 无效 总有效率 对照组 58 18(31.03) 20(34.48) 20(34.48) 38(65.52) 罗森塔尔组 58 27(46.55) 22(37.93) 9(15.52) 49(84.48)# 联合组 58 32(55.17) 25(43.10) 1(1.72) 57(98.28)#Δ Z 9.685 P <0.001* χ2对照组 vs罗森塔尔组 5.563 P对照组 vs罗森塔尔组 0.018* χ2罗森塔尔组 vs联合组 7.004 P罗森塔尔组 vs联合组 0.008 χ2对照组 vs联合组 20.990 P对照组 vs联合组 <0.001* 注:本研究组间多重比较严格采用Bonferroni法校正检验水准,经校正后两两比较结果:对照组 vs 罗森塔尔组、对照组 vs 联合组、罗森塔尔组 vs 联合组疗效比较,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05);*P < 0.05;与对照组相比,#P < 0.05;与罗森塔尔组相比,ΔP < 0.05。 表 3 三组患者用药依从性及满意度比较($ \bar x \pm s $,分)
Table 3. Comparison of medication adherence and satisfaction among the three groups($ \bar x \pm s $,score)
组别 n 用药依从性 满意度 干预前 干预后 干预前 干预后 对照组 58 2.48 ± 0.54 4.48 ± 0.71▲ 50.24 ± 3.26 62.34 ± 5.78▲ 罗森塔尔组 58 2.47 ± 0.51 4.92 ± 0.75▲# 50.31 ± 2.98 71.56 ± 4.82▲# 联合组 58 2.46 ± 0.49 5.86 ± 1.12▲#Δ 50.67 ± 2.65 83.24 ± 5.71▲#Δ F 0.022 37.254 0.349 213.894 P 0.978 <0.001* 0.706 <0.001* *P < 0.05;与同组治疗前相比,治疗后▲P < 0.05;与对照组相比,#P < 0.05;与罗森塔尔组相比,ΔP < 0.05。 表 4 三组间情绪状态与疾病认知情况比较($ \bar x \pm s $,分)
Table 4. Comparison of emotional states and perceptions of the disease among the three groups ($ \bar x \pm s $,score)
组别 n SAS SDS BCKQ 干预前 干预后 干预前 干预后 干预前 干预后 对照组 58 56.24 ± 4.56 44.09 ± 3.59▲ 59.34 ± 5.21 46.46 ± 4.31▲ 30.82 ± 3.14 44.24 ± 2.56▲ 罗森塔尔组 58 56.31 ± 4.62 39.75 ± 3.16▲# 59.29 ± 5.43 42.18 ± 3.75▲# 30.56 ± 2.41 47.32 ± 3.08▲# 联合组 58 56.38 ± 4.86 36.18 ± 2.54▲#Δ 59.26 ± 5.67 39.24 ± 3.26▲#Δ 30.29 ± 2.15 50.87 ± 3.69▲#Δ F 0.013 93.104 0.003 53.012 0.602 64.585 P 0.987 <0.001* 0.997 <0.001* 0.549 <0.001* *P < 0.05;与同组治疗前相比,治疗后▲P < 0.05;与对照组相比,#P < 0.05;与罗森塔尔组相比,ΔP < 0.05。 表 5 三组自我管理行为评分水平比较($ \bar x \pm s $,分)
Table 5. Comparison of self-management behavior scores across the three groups ($ \bar x \pm s $,score)
组别 n 运动锻炼 管理实践 医生沟通 干预前 干预后 干预前 干预后 干预前 干预后 对照组 58 12.81 ± 1.82 15.08 ± 1.34▲ 12.36 ± 2.02 16.39 ± 2.14▲ 5.26 ± 0.56 6.74 ± 0.54▲ 罗森塔尔组 58 12.73 ± 1.94 16.45 ± 1.38▲# 12.24 ± 1.81 17.86 ± 2.52▲# 5.24 ± 0.58 7.43 ± 0.51▲# 联合组 58 12.65 ± 2.01 17.96 ± 1.42▲#Δ 12.12 ± 1.69 19.21 ± 3.36▲#Δ 5.23 ± 0.60 8.21 ± 0.52▲#Δ F 0.100 63.168 0.245 15.578 0.040 114.483 P 0.905 <0.001* 0.783 <0.001* 0.961 <0.001* *P < 0.05;与同组治疗前相比,治疗后▲P < 0.05;与对照组相比,#P < 0.05;与罗森塔尔组相比,ΔP < 0.05。 表 6 三组呼吸道症状改善情况比较($ \bar x \pm s $)
Table 6. Comparison of improvements in respiratory symptoms among the three groups ($ \bar x \pm s $)
组别 n CAT评分(分) 喘憋(d) 哮鸣音(d) 咳嗽(d) 气促(d) 干预前 干预后 对照组 58 30.21 ± 4.26 21.36 ± 3.24 3.76 ± 1.03 4.62 ± 1.56 8.65 ± 1.63 3.26 ± 0.84 罗森塔尔组 58 30.15 ± 4.19 16.52 ± 2.87# 2.95 ± 0.78# 3.94 ± 0.92# 7.23 ± 1.24# 2.81 ± 0.52# 联合组 58 30.20 ± 4.30 11.28 ± 2.41#Δ 2.24 ± 0.56#Δ 3.52 ± 0.74#Δ 6.21 ± 1.03#Δ 2.54 ± 0.39#Δ F 0.003 180.185 50.758 14.008 49.721 20.406 P 0.997 <0.001* <0.001 <0.001* <0.001 <0.001* *P < 0.05;与对照组相比,#P < 0.05;与罗森塔尔组相比,ΔP < 0.05。 表 7 三组肺部通气功能比较($ \bar x \pm s $)
Table 7. Comparison of pulmonary ventilation function among the three groups ($ \bar x \pm s $)
组别 n FVC(L) FEV1(%) PEF(L/min) 干预前 干预后 干预前 干预后 干预前 干预后 对照组 58 0.73 ± 0.12 1.12 ± 0.13▲ 49.21 ± 2.06 67.15 ± 3.26▲ 142.29 ± 10.23 160.34 ± 9.20▲ 罗森塔尔组 58 0.72 ± 0.14 1.31 ± 0.24▲# 49.13 ± 2.14 75.42 ± 3.68▲# 142.16 ± 10.18 178.52 ± 10.36▲# 联合组 58 0.70 ± 0.16 1.56 ± 0.56▲#Δ 49.02 ± 2.21 88.23 ± 4.21▲#Δ 142.03 ± 10.21 201.61 ± 11.22▲#Δ F 0.681 21.834 0.116 468.534 0.009 234.191 P 0.507 <0.001* 0.891 <0.001* 0.991 <0.001* *P < 0.05;与同组治疗前相比,治疗后▲P < 0.05;与对照组相比,#P < 0.05;与罗森塔尔组相比,ΔP < 0.05。 表 8 三组血气指标水平比较($ \bar x \pm s $)
Table 8. Comparison of arterial blood gas levels among the three groups ($ \bar x \pm s $)
组别 n PaO2(mmHg) SaO2(%) PaCO2(mmHg) 干预前 干预后 干预前 干预后 干预前 干预后 对照组 58 62.73 ± 0.62 77.12 ± 6.83▲ 88.21 ± 2.06 94.15 ± 3.26▲ 52.29 ± 2.23 42.34 ± 2.20▲ 罗森塔尔组 58 62.71 ± 0.64 79.84 ± 5.52▲# 88.13 ± 2.14 96.37 ± 3.15▲# 52.18 ± 2.19 39.25 ± 3.16▲# 联合组 58 62.70 ± 0.66 82.56 ± 4.56▲#Δ 88.02 ± 2.21 98.23 ± 3.21▲#Δ 52.03 ± 2.21 36.61 ± 4.22▲#Δ F 0.034 13.148 0.116 23.530 0.202 43.855 P 0.967 <0.001* 0.891 <0.001* 0.817 <0.001* *P < 0.05;与同组治疗前相比,治疗后▲P < 0.05;与对照组相比,#P < 0.05;与罗森塔尔组相比,ΔP < 0.05。 表 9 GOLD分级亚组干预效果分析($ \bar x \pm s $)
Table 9. Analysis of intervention effects by GOLD classification subgroups ($ \bar x \pm s $)
亚组分级 组别 n CAT评分
改善值(分)FEV1
提升值(%)PaO2提升值
(mmHg)SAS
下降值(分)BCKQ
提升值(分)GOLD1-2级 对照组 30 8.65 ± 2.12 18.26 ± 4.35 6.85 ± 2.36 12.15 ± 3.28 13.65 ± 2.84 罗森塔尔组 29 13.52 ± 2.68# 26.35 ± 5.12# 11.32 ± 2.85# 16.58 ± 3.65# 16.89 ± 3.12# 联合组 31 18.95 ± 3.16#Δ 39.21 ± 6.38#Δ 17.68 ± 3.24#Δ 20.15 ± 4.12#Δ 20.58 ± 3.56#Δ F 111.681 118.483 111.809 35.636 35.997 P <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 GOLD3-4级 对照组 28 7.92 ± 1.86 15.32 ± 3.86 5.92 ± 2.15 10.86 ± 2.95 12.92 ± 2.63 罗森塔尔组 29 11.86 ± 2.35# 22.15 ± 4.63# 9.65 ± 2.52# 14.32 ± 3.26# 15.26 ± 2.98# 联合组 27 14.23 ± 2.89#Δ 29.68 ± 5.24#Δ 13.25 ± 2.96#Δ 17.56 ± 3.58#Δ 17.93 ± 3.25#Δ F 53.144 73.783 62.001 31.863 21.776 P <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 与对照组相比,#P < 0.05;与罗森塔尔组相比,ΔP < 0.05。 -
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