Analysis of Thalassemia Gene Screening and Diagnosis Results in the Dehong Population
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摘要:
目的 阐明德宏州人群地中海贫血基因的携带率与突变谱系分布特征,为该地区制定精准的地中海贫血防控策略提供科学依据。 方法 利用基因筛查与基因诊断技术对 6946 例样本进行α-地中海贫血和β-地中海贫血筛查和诊断检测,统计分析人群地中海贫血基因携带情况。结果 在 6946 例样本中,检出地中海贫血基因阳性样本为1880例,阳性率为27.07%(1880 /6946 ),本研究共检出α-地中海贫血阳性样本1174 例,阳性率为16.90%(1174 /6946 ),在突变类型中,α3.7/αα为最主要的优势基因型;493例的阳性样本为β-地中海贫血,阳性率为7.10%(493/6946 ),在突变类型中,CD26为最主要的优势基因型;α-地中海贫血与β-地中海贫血携带差异性比较(P < 0.05),差异具有统计学意义。213例的阳性样本为α-地中海贫血复合β-地中海贫血,阳性率为3.07%(213/6946 ),207例中间型地中海贫血阳性样本,阳性率为2.98%(207/6946 ),在突变类型中,-α3.7/--SEA为最主要的优势基因型。结论 德宏地区是地中海贫血携带高发地区,地中海贫血阳性率较高,基因突变类型以-α3.7/αα和CD26最为常见。 Abstract:Objective To clarify the carrier rate and mutation spectrum of thalassemia genes in the population in Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, thereby providing a scientific basis for developing precise thalassemia prevention and control strategies in this region. Methods A total of 6946 samples were screened and diagnosed for α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia using genetic screening and diagnostic techniques. The carrier status of thalassemia genes in the population was statistically analyzed.Results Among the 6946 samples, 1880 tested positive for thalassemia genes, yielding a positive rate of 27.07% (1880/6946 ). This study detected a total of1174 α-thalassemia positive samples, with a positive rate of 16.90% (1174 /6946 ). Among the mutation types, -α3.7/αα was identified as the predominant genotype. There were 493 β-thalassemia positive samples, with a positive rate of 7.10% (493/6, 946). Among the mutation types, CD26 was the most predominant mutation type. The differences in carrier rates between α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Additionally, 213 samples were positive for both α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia (compound carriers), with a positive rate of 3.07% (213/6946 ). There were also 207 intermediate thalassemia positive samples, with a positive rate of 2.98% (207/6946 ). Among these, the -α3.7/--SEA genotype was the most predominant .Conclusion Dehong region is a high-prevalence area for thalassemia carriers, with a relatively high positive rate for thalassemia. The most common gene mutation type was -α3.7/αα and CD26. -
Key words:
- Thalassemia /
- Genetic diagnosis /
- Genetic counseling
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表 1 α-地中海贫血基因突变类型($ \bar x \pm s $)
Table 1. Types of gene mutations in α-Thalassemia ($ \bar x \pm s $)
基因型 表型 n HbA2(%) MCV(fl) MCH(pg) HGB(g/L) -α4.2/-α4.2 α+/α+ 1 / / / / αQSα/αα α+ 1 / / / / -α3.7/-α4.2 α+/α+ 2 2.3 ± 0.28 64.3 ± 12.73 19.4 ± 4.1 105.5 ± 37.48 -α4.2/--SEA α+/α0 2 1.8 ± 0.28 59.5 ± 0.14 18.25 ± 0.64 64.5 ± 21.92 αWSα/--SEA α+/α0 3 2.47 ± 0.06 61.5 ± 6.25 19.8 ± 2.46 90 ± 15.87 -α3.7/αWSα α+/α+ 4 2.73 ± 0.33 80.05 ± 3.04 24.55 ± 2.52 107.25 ± 44.88 αCSα/αCSα α+/α+ 4 1.68 ± 0.28 84.08 ± 7.58 25.15 ± 2.09 84 ± 17.19 -α3.7/αCSα α+/α+ 10 2.01 ± 0.2 66.27 ± 11.11 19.98 ± 3.55 84.8 ± 23.72 -α4.2/αα α+ 18 2.46 ± 0.36 79.52 ± 9.34 25.18 ± 3.98 106.39 ± 22.37 αWSα/αα α+ 23 2.63 ± 0.64 77.62 ± 13.14 24.46 ± 5.39 94.22 ± 29.36 αCSα/--SEA α+/α0 24 1.23 ± 0.4 71.73 ± 6.65 19.67 ± 2.01 68.29 ± 23.9 -α3.7/-α3.7 α+/α+ 52 2.5 ± 0.68 71.73 ± 8.36 22.2 ± 3.13 92.6 ± 28.05 -α3.7/--SEA α+/α0 94 1.54 ± 0.7 58.3 ± 7.5 17.4 ± 2.05 77.74 ± 21.05 αCSα/αα α+ 102 2.17 ± 0.3 78.77 ± 8.23 25.24 ± 3.35 107.8 ± 24.37 αα/--SEA α0 129 2.29 ± 0.42 64.71 ± 7.19 20.27 ± 2.61 103.99 ± 21.45 -α3.7/αα α+ 705 2.48 ± 0.41 79.24 ± 9.63 25.13 ± 3.89 108.5 ± 28.39 总计: 1174 注:n=1的基因类型样本,HbA2(%),MCV(fl),MCH(pg),HGB(g/L)数值不做统计描述以/代替。 表 2 β-地中海贫血基因突变类型($ \bar x \pm s $)
Table 2. Types of gene mutations in β-Thalassemia($ \bar x \pm s $)
基因型 表型 n HbA2(%) MCV(fl) MCH(pg) HGB(g/L) CD26/-28 β+/β+ 1 / / / / CD26/CD43 β+/β0 1 / / / / CD26/CD71-72 β+/β0 1 / / / / CD26/IVS-Ⅱ-654 β+/β+ 1 / / / / -29 β+ 2 5.25 ± 0.21 69.2 ± 2.4 21.95 ± 0.92 118.5 ± 4.95 -28 β+ 3 4.8 ± 0.96 64.43 ± 9.28 19.3 ± 3.57 93.33 ± 25.66 CD71-72 β0 9 4.87 ± 0.87 63.5 ± 10.32 19.82 ± 3.39 69.89 ± 24.06 IVS-Ⅱ-654 β+ 10 5.05 ± 0.44 63.59 ± 4.64 20.23 ± 1.09 106.5 ± 20.9 CD26/CD41-42 β+/β0 11 4.71 ± 0.76 69.91 ± 8.65 21.95 ± 2.6 58 ± 15.09 CD17/CD26 β0/β+ 13 5.07 ± 1.43 64.75 ± 8.13 19.54 ± 2.4 73.77 ± 26.91 CD26/CD26 β+/β+ 28 4.94 ± 0.89 61.9 ± 4.73 20.78 ± 1.49 103.29 ± 15.09 CD41-42 β0 28 5.34 ± 0.55 62.75 ± 6.43 19.63 ± 1.88 88.61 ± 18.6 CD17 β0 40 5.37 ± 0.67 61.88 ± 6.01 19.42 ± 2.03 95.23 ± 20.82 CD26 β+ 345 3.52 ± 0.53 74.87 ± 9.34 24.28 ± 3.62 105 ± 28.01 总计 493 注:n=1的基因类型样本,HbA2(%),MCV(fl),MCH(pg),HGB(g/L)数值不做统计描述以/代替。 表 3 α-地中海贫血复合β-地中海贫血基因突变类型($ \bar x \pm s $)
Table 3. Compound α- and β-Thalassemia gene mutation types($ \bar x \pm s $)
基因型 表型 n HbA2(%) MCV(fl) MCH(pg) HGB(g/L) -α3.7/αα、-28 α+、β+ 1 / / / / αα/--SEA、CD17/CD26 α0、β0/β+ 1 / / / / -α3.7/αα、CD17/CD17 α+、β0/β0 1 / / / / -α3.7/αα、CD17/CD26 α+、β0/β+ 1 / / / / αCSα/αα、CD17/CD26 α+、β0/β+ 1 / / / / -α3.7/--SEA、CD17 α+/α0、β0 1 / / / / αCSα/--SEA、CD17 α+/α0、β0 1 / / / / αCSα/αα、CD17 α+、β0 1 / / / / αWSα/αα、CD17 α+、β0 1 / / / / -α3.7/-α3.7、CD26/CD26 α+/α+、β+/β+ 1 / / / / αWSα/αα、CD26/CD26 α+、β+/β+ 1 / / / / -α3.7/--SEA、CD26/CD41-42 α+/α0、β+/β0 1 / / / / αα/--SEA、CD26/CD41-42 α0、β+/β0 1 / / / / -α3.7/αα、CD26/IVS-Ⅱ-654 α+、β+/β+ 1 / / / / -α3.7/αWSα、CD26 α+/α+、β+ 1 / / / / -α4.2/-α3.7、CD26 α+/α+、β+ 1 / / / / -α4.2/αα、CD26 α+、β+ 1 / / / / αWSα/--SEA、CD26 α+/α0、β+ 1 / / / / -α3.7/-α3.7、CD41-42 α+/α+、β0 1 / / / / -α4.2/αα、CD41-42 α+、β0 1 / / / / αCSα/αα、CD41-42 α+、β0 1 / / / / αα/--SEA、CD41-42 α0、β0 1 / / / / -α3.7/αα、CD71-72/CD26 α+、β0/β+ 1 / / / / -α3.7/αα、CD71-72 α+、β0 1 / / / / αα/--SEA、IVS-Ⅱ-654 α+、β+ 1 / / / / α3.7/αα、CD26 α+、β+ 2 3.8 ± 0.71 64.35 ± 3.04 20.65 ± 1.2 70 ± 25.46 αWSα/αα、CD26 α+、β+ 2 3.95 ± 0.07 75.45 ± 4.03 24.5 ± 1.84 115.5 ± 14.85 -α3.7/--SEA、CD41-42 α+/α0、β0 2 4.55 ± 0.49 52.1 ± 1.13 16 ± 0.28 108.5 ± 23.33 -α3.7/-α3.7、CD17 α+/α+、β0 3 5.63 ± 0.57 70.93 ± 12.44 22.27 ± 5.77 93.33 ± 15.01 -α3.7/αCSα、CD26 α+/α+、β+ 3 3.37 ± 0.35 70.23 ± 3.25 21.9 ± 0.95 99.67 ± 16.44 -α3.7/αα、CD26/CD41-42 α+、β+/β0 3 6.87 ± 1.29 53.53 ± 4.79 17.8 ± 1.39 79.67 ± 11.02 -α3.7/αα、CD41-42 α+、β0 5 5.16 ± 0.47 63.32 ± 4.1 20.12 ± 1.52 95 ± 20.52 -α3.7/αα、CD17 α+、β0 6 5.12 ± 0.71 61.82 ± 6.4 19.13 ± 2.51 101.17 ± 33.28 αCSα/--SEA、CD26 α+/α0、β+ 7 2.24 ± 0.27 59.17 ± 6.8 16.34 ± 1.55 55.71 ± 17.18 -α3.7/--SEA、CD26 α+/α0、β+ 10 3.39 ± 0.36 51.52 ± 10.8 16.47 ± 3.72 79.5 ± 20.97 -α3.7/αα、CD26/CD26 α+、β+/β+ 11 5.53 ± 0.75 108.82 ± 26.31 21.75 ± 1.22 108.82 ± 26.31 -α3.7/-α3.7、CD26 α+/α+、β+ 11 3.81 ± 0.59 67.33 ± 11.05 20.95 ± 4.44 86 ± 22.93 αCSα/αα、CD26 α+、β+ 12 3.07 ± 0.18 78.45 ± 12.94 25.33 ± 5.18 99.33 ± 31.69 αα/--SEA、CD26 α0、β+ 18 3.77 ± 0.43 66.89 ± 7.11 21.57 ± 2.58 107.78 ± 17.46 -α3.7/αα、CD26 α+、β+ 93 3.61 ± 0.69 75.56 ± 10.24 24.34 ± 4.08 102.72 ± 32.62 总计 213 注:n=1的基因类型样本,HbA2(%),MCV(fl),MCH(pg),HGB(g/L)数值不做统计描述以/代替。 表 4 中间型地中海贫血基因突变携带情况($ \bar x \pm s $)
Table 4. Intermediate thalassemia gene mutation carriage Status($ \bar x \pm s $)
基因型 表型 n HbA2(%) MCV(fl) MCH(pg) HGB(g/L) CD26/CD43 β+/β0 1 / / / / CD26/CD71-72 β+/β0 1 / / / / CD26/IVS-Ⅱ-654 β+/β+ 1 / / / / -α3.7/--SEA、CD17 α+/α0、β0 1 / / / / αCSα/--SEA、CD17 α+/α0、β0 1 / / / / α3.7/--SEA、CD26/CD41-42- α+/α0、β+/β0 1 / / / / αWSα/--SEA、CD26 α+/α0、β+ 1 / / / / -α3.7/αα、CD17/CD26 α+、β0/β+ 1 / / / / αCSα/αα、CD17/CD26 α+、β0/β+ 1 / / / / -α3.7/αα、CD71-72/CD26 α+、β0/β+ 1 / / / / -α4.2/--SEA α+/α0 2 1.8 ± 0.28 59.5 ± 0.14 18.25 ± 0.64 64.5 ± 21.92 -α3.7/--SEA、CD41-42 α+/α0、β0 2 4.55 ± 0.49 52.1 ± 1.13 16 ± 0.28 108.5 ± 23.33 αWSα/--SEA α+/α0 3 2.47 ± 0.06 61.5 ± 6.25 19.8 ± 2.46 90 ± 15.87 -α3.7/αα、CD26/CD41-42 α+、β+/β0 3 6.87 ± 1.29 53.53 ± 4.79 17.8 ± 1.39 79.67 ± 11.02 αCSα/--SEA、CD26 α+/α0、β+ 7 2.24 ± 0.27 59.17 ± 6.8 16.34 ± 1.55 55.71 ± 17.18 -α3.7/--SEA、CD26 α+/α0、β+ 10 3.39 ± 0.36 51.52 ± 10.8 16.47 ± 3.72 79.5 ± 20.97 CD26/CD41-42 β+/β0 11 4.71 ± 0.76 69.91 ± 8.65 21.95 ± 2.6 58 ± 15.09 CD26/CD17 β+/β0 13 5.07 ± 1.43 64.75 ± 8.13 19.54 ± 2.4 73.77 ± 26.91 αCSα/--SEA α+/α0 24 1.23 ± 0.4 71.73 ± 6.65 19.67 ± 2.01 68.29 ± 23.9 CD26/CD26 β+/β+ 28 4.94 ± 0.89 61.9 ± 4.73 20.78 ± 1.49 103.29 ± 15.09 -α3.7/--SEA α+/α0 94 1.54 ± 0.7 58.3 ± 7.5 17.4 ± 2.05 77.74 ± 21.05 总计 207 注:n=1的基因类型样本,HbA2(%),MCV(fl),MCH(pg),HGB(g/L)数值不做统计描述以/代替。 -
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